wdiff rfc6930.original rfc6930.txt

Network Working Group Dayong Guo
Internet Draft Sheng Jiang (Editor)
Intended status: Engineering Task Force (IETF) D. Guo
Request for Comments: 6930 S. Jiang, Ed.
Category: Standards Track Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
Expires: July 28, 2013
ISSN: 2070-1721 R. Despres
RD-IPtech
R. Maglione
Telecom Italia
January 24,
Cisco Systems
April 2013

RADIUS Attribute for IPv6 Rapid Deployment
on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd)

Abstract

The IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) provides both
IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity services simultaneously during the
IPv4/IPv6 coexistence period. The Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) 6rd option has been defined to configure the 6rd
Customer Edge (CE). However, in many networks, the configuration
information may be stored in the Authentication Authorization and
Accounting (AAA) servers, while user configuration is mainly acquired
from a Broadband Network Gateway (BNG) through the DHCP protocol.
This document defines a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service
(RADIUS) attribute that carries 6rd

draft-ietf-softwire-6rd-radius-attrib-11.txt configuration information from
the AAA server to BNGs.

Status of this This Memo

This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

Internet-Drafts are working documents an Internet Standards Track document.

This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working
documents as Internet-Drafts. The list It represents the consensus of current Internet-Drafts is
at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for a maximum publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of six months RFC 5741.

Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents obtained at any
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material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

This Internet-Draft will expire on July 28, 2013.
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6930.

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Abstract

IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) provides both IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity
services simultaneously during the IPv4/IPv6 co-existence period. The
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 6rd option has been
defined to configure the 6rd Customer Edge (CE). However, in many
networks, the configuration information may be stored in
Authentication Authorization and Accounting (AAA) servers while user
configuration is mainly acquired from a Broadband Network Gateway
(BNG) through the DHCP protocol. This document defines a Remote
Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) attribute that carries
6rd configuration information from Section 4.e of
the AAA server to BNGs. Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ................................................ 3 ....................................................3
2. Terminology ................................................. 3 .....................................................3
3. IPv6 6rd Configuration with RADIUS .......................... 3 ..............................4
4. Attributes .................................................. 6 ......................................................6
4.1. IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute ....................... 6 ...........................6
4.2. Table of attributes .................................... 8 Attributes ........................................9
5. Diameter Considerations ..................................... 9 .........................................9
6. Security Considerations ..................................... 9 .........................................9
7. IANA Considerations ........................................ 10 ............................................10
8. Acknowledgments ............................................ 10 ................................................10
9. References ................................................. 10 .....................................................10
9.1. Normative References .................................. 10 ......................................10
9.2. Informative References ................................ 11 ....................................11

1. Introduction

Recently

Recently, providers have started to deploy IPv6 and to consider
transition to IPv6. The IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) [RFC5969]
provides both IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity services simultaneously
during the IPv4/IPv6 co-existence coexistence period. 6rd is used to provide IPv6
connectivity service through legacy IPv4-only infrastructure. 6rd
uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) [RFC2131] [RFC2131], and
the 6rd Customer Edge (CE) uses the DHCP 6rd option [RFC5969] to
discover a 6rd border relay Border Relay and to configure an IPv6 prefix and
address.

In many networks, user configuration user-configuration information is managed by AAA
(Authentication,
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) Accounting (AAA) servers. The
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) protocol
[RFC2865] is usually used by AAA servers to communicate with network
elements. In a fixed line fixed-line broadband network, the Broadband Network
Gateways (BNGs) act as the access gateway for users. The BNGs are
assumed to embed a DHCP server function that allows them to handle
locally any DHCP requests issued by hosts.

Since the 6rd configuration information is stored in AAA servers servers, and
user configuration is mainly through DHCP between BNGs and hosts/CEs,
new RADIUS attributes are needed to propagate the information from
AAA servers to BNGs.

2. Terminology

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

The terms 6rd Customer Edge (6rd CE) and 6rd Border Relay (BR) are
defined in [RFC5969]. "MAC" stands for Media Access Control.

3. IPv6 6rd Configuration with RADIUS

Figure 1 illustrates how DHCP and the RADIUS protocol and DHCP cooperate to
provide 6rd CE with 6rd configuration information.

6rd CE BNG AAA Server
| | |
|-------DHCPDISCOVER------>| |
|(Parameter Request w/ 6rd option) |
| |--Access-Request(6rd Attr)-->|
| | |
| |<--Access-Accept(6rd Attr)---|
|<-------DHCPOFFER---------| |
| (6rd option) | |
| | |
DHCP RADIUS

Figure 1: the cooperation The Cooperation between DHCP and RADIUS
combining
When Combined with RADIUS authentication Authentication

The BNG acts as a client of RADIUS and as a DHCP server. First, the
6rd CE MAY initiate a DHCPDISCOVER message that includes a Parameter
Request option (55) [RFC2132] with the 6rd option [RFC5969]. When
the BNG receives the DHCPDISCOVER, it SHOULD initiate a RADIUS
Access- Request message to the RADIUS server. In that message, in which

- the User-Name attribute (1) SHOULD be filled by the 6rd CE MAC
address, to the RADIUS server and

- the User-
password (2) User-Password attribute (2) SHOULD be filled by the shared 6rd
password that has been preconfigured on the DHCP server, requesting
authentication server.

The BNG requests authentication, as defined in [RFC2865] [RFC2865], with IPv6-6rd-Configuration
attribute, defined in the next Section,
IPv6-6rd-Configuration attribute (Section 4.1) in the desired
attribute list. If the authentication request is approved by the AAA
server, an Access-Accept message MUST be acknowledged with the IPv6-6rd-
Configuration Attribute.
IPv6-6rd-Configuration attribute. Then, the BNG SHOULD respond to
the 6rd CE with a DHCPOFFER message, which contains a DHCP 6rd
option. The recommended format of the MAC address is as defined in Calling-
Station-Id ([RFC3580]
Calling-Station-Id ([RFC3580], Section 3.20) without the SSID
(Service Set Identifier) portion.

Figure 2 describes another scenario - -- later re-authorize - re-authorization -- in
which the authorization operation is not coupled with authentication.
Authorization relevant to 6rd is done independently after the
authentication process.

6rd CE BNG AAA Server
| | |
|--------DHCPREQUEST------>| |
|(Parameter Request w/ 6rd option) |
| |--Access-Request(6rd Attr)-->|
| | |
| |<--Access-Accept(6rd Attr)---|
| | |
|<---------DHCPACK---------| |
| (6rd option) | |
| | |
DHCP RADIUS

Figure 2: the cooperation The Cooperation between DHCP and RADIUS
decoupled with
When Decoupled from RADIUS authentication Authentication

In this scenario, the Access-Request packet SHOULD contain a Service-
Type attribute (6) with the value Authorize Only (17); thus,
according to [RFC5080], the Access-Request packet MUST contain a
State attribute that it obtains from the previous authentication
process.

In both above-mentioned scenarios, Message-authenticator Message-Authenticator (type 80)
[RFC2865] SHOULD be used to protect both Access-Request and Access-
Accept messages.

After receiving the IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute attribute in the initial
Access-Accept, the BNG SHOULD store the received 6rd configuration
parameters locally. When the 6rd CE sends a DHCP Request message to
request an extension of the lifetime for the assigned address, the
BNG does not have to initiate a new Access-Request towards the AAA
server to request the 6rd configuration parameters. The BNG could
retrieve the previously stored 6rd configuration parameters and use
them in its reply.

If the BNG does not receive the IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute attribute in
the Access-Accept Access-Accept, it MAY fall back to a pre-configured preconfigured default 6rd
configuration, if any. If the BNG does not have any pre-configured preconfigured
default 6rd configuration or if the BNG receives an Access-Reject,
the tunnel cannot be established.

As specified in [RFC2131], section 4.4.5, "Reacquisition Section 4.4.5 ("Reacquisition and
expiration",
expiration"), if the DHCP server to which the DHCP Request message
was sent at time T1 has not responded by time T2 (typically
0.375*duration_of_lease after T1), the 6rd CE (the DHCP client)
SHOULD enter the REBINDING state and attempt to contact any server.

In this situation, the secondary BNG receiving the new DHCP message
MUST initiate a new Access-Request towards the AAA server. The
secondary BNG MAY include the IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute attribute in its
Access-Request.

4. Attributes

This section defines the IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute which attribute that is
used in the both abovementioned above-mentioned scenarios. The attribute design follows
[RFC6158] and referring refers to [I-D.ietf-radext-radius-extensions]. [RFC6929].

4.1. IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute

The specification requires that multiple IPv4 addresses are
associated with one IPv6 prefix. Given that RADIUS currently has no
recommended way of grouping multiple attributes, the design below
appears to be a reasonable compromise. The IPv6-6rd-Configuration
Attribute
attribute is structured as follows:

Type

TBD

173
Length

28 + n*6 (the length of the entire attribute in octets; octets, where n
stands for
is the number of BR IPv4 addresses, addresses and minimum n is 1). 1)

SubType1

1 (SubType number, for the IPv4 Mask Length suboption)

SubLen1

6 (the length of the IPv4 Mask Length suboption)

IPv4MaskLen

The number of high-order bits that are identical across all CE
IPv4 addresses within a given 6rd domain. This may be any
value between 0 and 32. Any value greater than 32 is invalid.
Since
[RFC6158] Section A.2.1 [RFC6158], Appendix A.2.1, has forbidden 8-bit fields, a
32-bit field is used here.

SubType2

2 (SubType number, number for the 6rd prefix suboption)

SubLen2

20 (the length of the 6rd prefix suboption)

Reserved

Set to be all 0 for now. Reserved for future use. To be
compatible with other IPv6 prefix attributes in the RADIUS
Protocol. The
protocol, the bits MUST be set to zero by the sender and MUST
be ignored by the receiver.

6rdPrefixLen

The IPv6 Prefix length of the Service Provider's 6rd IPv6
prefix in number of bits. The 6rdPrefixLen MUST be less than
or equal to 128.

6rdPrefix

The Service Provider's 6rd IPv6 prefix represented as a 16
octet
16-octet IPv6 address. The bits after the 6rdPrefixlen number
of bits in the prefix SHOULD be set to zero.

SubType3

3 (SubType number, for the 6rd Border Relay IPv4 address
suboption)

SubLen3

6 (the length of the 6rd Border Relay IPv4 address suboption)

6rdBRIPv4Address

One or more IPv4 addresses of the 6rd Border Relay(s) for a
given 6rd domain. The maximum RADIUS Attribute attribute length of 255
octets results in a limit of 37 IPv4 addresses.

Since the subtypes have values, they can appear in any order. If
multiple 6rdBRIPv4Address (subtype 3) appear, they are RECOMMENDED to
be placed together.

The IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute attribute is normally used in the
Access-Accept Access-
Accept messages. It MAY be used in Access-Request packets as a hint
to the RADIUS server; for example example, if the BNG is pre-configured preconfigured with a
default 6rd configuration, these parameters MAY be inserted in the
attribute. The RADIUS server MAY ignore the hint sent by the BNG BNG,
and it MAY assign different 6rd parameters.

If the BNG includes the IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute, attribute, but the AAA
server does not recognize it, this attribute MUST be ignored by the
AAA Server. server.

If the BNG does not receive the IPv6-6rd-Configuration Attribute attribute in
the Access-Accept Access-Accept, it MAY fallback to a pre-configured preconfigured default 6rd
configuration, if any. If the BNG does not have any pre-configured preconfigured
default 6rd configuration, the 6rd tunnel cannot be established.

If the BNG is pre-provisioned with a default 6rd configuration and
the 6rd configuration received in Access-Accept is different from the
configured default, then the 6rd configuration received in the
Access-Accept message MUST be used for the session.

If the BNG cannot support the received 6rd configuration for any
reason, the tunnel SHOULD NOT be established.

4.2. Table of attributes Attributes

The following table adds to the one in [RFC2865], Section 5.44,
providing a guide to the quantity of IPv6-6rd-Configuration
attributes that may be found in each kind of packet.

Request Accept Reject Challenge Accounting # Attribute
Request
0-1 0-1 0 0 0-1 TBD 173 IPv6-6rd-
Configuration
0-1 0-1 0 0 0-1 1 User-Name
0-1 0 0 0 0-1 2 User-Password
0-1 0-1 0 0 0-1 6 Service-Type
0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 80 Message-Authenticator

The following table key defines the meanings of the above table entries.

0 This attribute MUST NOT be present in packet.
0+ Zero or more instances of this attribute MAY be present in
packet.
0-1 Zero or one instance of this attribute MAY be present in
packet.
1 Exactly one instance of this attribute MUST be present in
packet.

5. Diameter Considerations

This attribute is usable within either RADIUS or Diameter [RFC6733].
Since the Attributes attribute defined in this document will be has been allocated from
the standard RADIUS type space, no special handling is required by
Diameter entities.

6. Security Considerations

In 6rd scenarios, both CE and BNG are within a provider network,
which can be considered as a closed network and a lower security
threat lower-threat
environment. A similar consideration can be applied to the RADIUS
message exchange between the BNG and the AAA server.

In 6rd scenarios, the RADIUS protocol is run over IPv4. Known
security vulnerabilities of the RADIUS protocol are discussed in
[RFC2607], [RFC2865], and [RFC2869]. Use of IPsec [RFC4301] for
providing security when RADIUS is carried in IPv6 is discussed in
[RFC3162].

To get unauthorized 6rd configuration information, a malicious user
may use MAC address proofing spoofing and/or a dictionary attack on the shared
6rd password that has been preconfigured on the DHCP server to get unauthorized 6rd configuration information. server. The
follow-up secure
relevant security issues have been considered in Section 12, 12 of
[RFC5969].

Security considerations for 6rd specific issues that may arise specifically between the 6rd CE and
BNG are discussed in [RFC5969]. Furthermore, generic DHCP security
mechanisms can be applied to DHCP intercommunication between 6rd CE
and BNG.

Security considerations for the Diameter protocol are discussed in
[RFC6733].

7. IANA Considerations

This document requests the assignment of

Per this document, IANA has assigned one new RADIUS Attribute
Types Type in
the "RADIUS "Radius Types" registry (currently located at
http://www.iana.org/assignments/radius-types
http://www.iana.org/assignments/radius-types) for the following
attributes:

o
attribute:

IPv6-6rd-Configuration

IANA should allocate the number from the standard RADIUS Attributes
range (values 1-191). The RFC Editor should use the assigned value
to replace "TBD" in Sections 4.1 and 4.2, and should remove this
paragraph. (173)

8. Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Alan DeKok, Yong Cui, Leaf Yeh, Sean
Turner, Joseph Salowey, Glen Zorn, Dave Nelson, Bernard Aboba, Benoit
Claise, Barry Lieba, Stephen Farrell, Adrian Farrel, Ralph Droms Droms, and
other members of Softwire the SOFTWIRE WG, RADIUSExt RADEXT WG, AAA-Doctors AAA Doctors, and Secdir
Security Directorate for valuable comments.

9. References

9.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC2131] R. Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol", RFC
2131, March 1997.

[RFC2132] Alexander, S. and R. Droms, "DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor
Extensions", RFC 2132, March 1997.

[RFC2865] Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
"Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)", RFC
2865, June 2000.

[RFC3162] Aboba, B., Zorn, G., and D. Mitton, "RADIUS and IPv6", RFC
3162, August 2001.

[RFC4301] Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the
Internet Protocol", RFC 4301, December 2005.

[RFC5080] Nelson, D. and DeKok A., A. DeKok, "Common Remote Authentication
Dial In User Service (RADIUS) Implementation Issues and
Suggested Fixes", RFC 5080, December 2007.

[RFC5969] Townsley, M. W. and O. Troan, "IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4
Infrastructures (6rd) -- Protocol Specification", RFC5969, RFC
5969, August 2010.

[RFC6158] DeKok, A. A., Ed., and G. Weber, "RADIUS Design Guidelines",
BCP 158, RFC 6158, March 2011.

[RFC6733] V. Fajardo, V., Ed., J. Arkko, J. J., Loughney, J., and G. Zorn,
Ed., "Diameter Base Protocol", RFC 6733, October 2012.

9.2. Informative References

[RFC2607] Aboba, B. and J. Vollbrecht, "Proxy Chaining and Policy
Implementation in Roaming", RFC 2607, June 1999.

[RFC2869] Rigney, C., Willats, W., and P. Calhoun, "RADIUS
Extensions", RFC 2869, June 2000.

[RFC3580] Congdon, P., B. Aboba, A. B., Smith, G. Zorn A., Zorn, G., and J. Roese,
"IEEE 802.1X Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
(RADIUS) Usage Guidelines", RFC 3580, September 2003.

[I-D.ietf-radext-radius-extensions]

[RFC6929] DeKok, A. and A. Lior, "Remote Authentication Dial In Dial-In User
Service (RADIUS) Protocol Extensions", draft-ietf-radext-
radius-extensions, work in process.

Author's RFC 6929, April
2013.

Authors' Addresses

Dayong Guo
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
Q14 Huawei Campus, 156 BeiQi Road,
ZhongGuan Cun, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100095
P.R. China
Email:
EMail: guoseu@huawei.com

Sheng Jiang (Editor)
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
Q14 Huawei Campus, 156 BeiQi Road,
ZhongGuan Cun, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100095
P.R. China
Email:
EMail: jiangsheng@huawei.com

Remi Despres
RD-IPtech
3 rue du President Wilson
Levallois,
Levallois
France
Email:
EMail: despres.remi@laposte.net

Roberta Maglione
Telecom Italia
Via Reiss Romoli 274
Torino 10148
Italy
Email: roberta.maglione@telecomitalia.it
Cisco Systems
181 Bay Street
Toronto, ON
M5J 2T3
Canada
EMail: robmgl@cisco.com