Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) R. Huang
Request for Comments: 6990 Q. Wu
Category: Standards Track Huawei
ISSN: 2070-1721 H. Asaeda
NICT
G. Zorn
Network Zen
August 2013
RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for MPEG-2
Transport Stream (TS) Program Specific Information (PSI) Independent
Decodability Statistics Metrics Reporting
Abstract
An MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) is a standard container format used
in the transmission and storage of multimedia data. Unicast/
multicast MPEG-2 TS over RTP is widely deployed in IPTV systems.
This document defines an RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended Report
(XR) block that allows the reporting of MPEG-2 TS decodability
statistics metrics related to transmissions of MPEG-2 TS over RTP.
The metrics specified in the RTCP XR block are not dependent on
Program Specific Information (PSI) carried in MPEG-2 TS.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6990.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3
1.1. MPEG-2 Transport Stream Decodability Metrics . . . . . . 2 3
1.2. RTCP and RTCP Extended Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3. Performance Metrics Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4. Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4
2. Standards Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4
3. MPEG-2 TS PSI-Independent Decodability Statistics Metrics
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4
4. SDP Signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8
4.1. SDP rtcp-xr Attribute Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.2. Offer/Answer Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.1. New RTCP XR Block Type Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.2. New RTCP XR SDP Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 9
5.3. Contact Information for Registrations . . . . . . . . . . 8 9
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1. Introduction
1.1. MPEG-2 Transport Stream Decodability Metrics
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has
defined a set of syntax and information consistency tests and
corresponding indicators [ETSI] that are recommended for the
monitoring of MPEG-2 Transport Streams [ISO-IEC.13818-1.2013]. The
tests and corresponding indicators are grouped according to priority:
o First priority - Necessary for decodability (basic monitoring)
o Second priority - Recommended for continuous or periodic
monitoring
o Third priority - Recommended for application-dependent monitoring
This memo is based on information consistency tests and resulting
indicators defined by ETSI [ETSI] and defines a new block type to
augment those defined in [RFC3611] for use with MPEG-2 Transport
Stream (TS) [ISO-IEC.13818-1.2013]. The new block type supports
reporting of the number of occurrences of each PSI-independent
indicator in the first and second priorities; third priority
indicators are not supported.
1.2. RTCP and RTCP Extended Reports
The use of RTCP for reporting is defined in [RFC3550]. [RFC3611]
defined an extensible structure for reporting using an RTCP Extended
Report (XR). This document defines a new Extended Report block for
use with [RFC3550] and [RFC3611].
1.3. Performance Metrics Framework
"Guidelines for Considering New Performance Metric Development"
[RFC6390] provides guidance on the definition and specification of
performance metrics. "Guidelines for Use of the RTP Monitoring
Framework" [RFC6792] provides guidance on the reporting block format
using RTCP XR. The new report block described in this memo is in
compliance with the monitoring architecture specified in [RFC6792]
and the performance metrics framework [RFC6390].
1.4. Applicability
This block type allows a count of MPEG-2 Transport Stream quality
metrics that are measured in accordance with ETSI TR 101290 [ETSI] to
be reported by an endpoint. These metrics are useful for identifying
bitstream packetization and transport stream encoding problems that
may affect the user's perception of a video service delivered over
RTP.
2. Standards Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
3. MPEG-2 TS PSI-Independent Decodability Statistics Metrics Block
ETSI TR 101290 [ETSI] generally defines metrics related to error
events while this document contains counts of those metrics defined
in [ETSI]. The block defined in this document reports MPEG-2 TS PSI-
independent decodability statistics metrics beyond the information
carried in the standard RTCP packet format, which are measured at the
receiving end of the RTP stream. It contains counts of eight metrics
defined in ETSI TR 101290 [ETSI]. Information is reported about
basic monitoring parameters necessary to ensure that the TS can be
decoded, including:
o Transport Stream Synchronization Losses
o Sync byte errors
o Continuity count errors
and continuous monitoring parameters necessary to ensure the
continuous decoding, including:
o Transport errors
o Program Clock Reference (PCR) errors
o PCR repetition errors
o PCR discontinuity indicator errors
o PCR accuracy errors
o Presentation Time Stamp (PTS) errors
The other parameters are ignored since they do not apply to all
MPEG-2 implementations. For further information on these parameters,
see [ETSI]. Note that when the report of this block spans across
more than one measurement interval [RFC6776], the count of the
metrics (e.g., Sync byte errors and PCR errors) defined in [ETSI] may
reflect a problem in the current or previous measurement interval.
The MPEG-2 TS PSI-Independent Decodability Statistics Metrics Block
has the following format:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| BT=22 | Reserved | Block Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| SSRC of Source |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| begin_seq | end_seq |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| TS_sync_loss_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sync_byte_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Continuity_count_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Transport_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| PCR_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| PCR_repetition_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| PCR_discontinuity_indicator_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| PCR_accuracy_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| PTS_error_count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Block Type (BT): 8 bits
The MPEG-2 TS PSI-Independent Decodability Statistics Metrics
Block is identified by the constant 22.
Reserved: 8 bits
These bits are reserved. They MUST be set to zero by senders and
ignored by receivers (see [RFC6709] Section 4.2).
Block Length: 16 bits
The constant 11, in accordance with the definition of this field
in Section 3 of RFC 3611. The block MUST be discarded if the
block length is set to a different value.
Synchronization source (SSRC) of Source: 32 bits
As defined in Section 4.1 of RFC 3611.
begin_seq: 16 bits
The RTP sequence number corresponding to the start of the
measurement period, as defined in Section 4.1 of RFC 3611.
end_seq: 16 bits
The RTP sequence number corresponding to the end of the
measurement period, as defined in Section 4.1 of RFC 3611.
TS_sync_loss_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of TS_sync_loss errors that occurred in the
above sequence number interval. A TS_sync_loss error occurs when
there are two or more consecutive incorrect sync bytes within the
MPEG-2 TS, as defined in Section 5.2.1 of [ETSI].
Sync_byte_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of Sync_byte_errors that occurred in the
above sequence number interval. A sync byte error occurs when the
sync byte is not equal to 0x47 in any TS packet contained in the
MPEG-2 TS, as defined in Section 5.2.1 of [ETSI].
Continuity_count_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of Continuity_count_errors that occurred in
the above sequence number interval. A Continuity_count_error
occurs when any of the following faults happen within the MPEG-2
TS -- incorrect packet order, a packet occurs more than twice, or
a packet is lost, as defined in Section 5.2.1 of [ETSI].
Transport_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of Transport_errors that occurred in the
above sequence number interval. A Transport_error occurs when an
erroneous TS packet cannot be corrected within the MPEG-2 TS, as
defined in Section 5.2.2 of [ETSI].
PCR_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of PCR_errors that occurred in the above
sequence number interval. A PCR_error occurs if the primary clock
reference (PCR) is not seen for more than 100 ms within the MPEG-2
TS, as defined in Section 5.2.2 of [ETSI]. The time interval
between two consecutive PCR values should be no more than 40 ms.
PCR_repetition_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of PCR_repetition_errors that occurred in
the above sequence number interval. A PCR_repetition_error occurs
when the time interval between two consecutive PCR values is more
than 40 ms within the MPEG-2 TS, as defined in Section 5.2.2 of
[ETSI].
PCR_discontinuity_indicator_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of PCR_discontinuity_indicator_errors that
occurred in the above sequence number interval. A
PCR_discontinuity_indicator_error occurs if the time interval
between two consecutive PCR values is more than 100 ms within the
MPEG-2 TS, as defined in Section 5.2.2 of [ETSI].
PCR_accuracy_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of PCR_accuracy_errors that occurred in the
above sequence number interval. A PCR_accuracy_error occurs when
the PCR accuracy of the selected program is outside the range of
+/-500 ns within the MPEG-2 TS, as defined in Section 5.2.2 of
[ETSI].
PTS_error_count: 32 bits
A count of the number of PTS_errors that occurred in the above
sequence number interval. A PTS_error occurs when the PTS
repetition is more than 700 ms within the MPEG-2 TS, as defined in
Section 5.2.2 of [ETSI]. Note that the PTS is contained in the
MPEG-2 TS and is used to aid the decoder in presenting the program
on time, at the correct speed, and synchronized.
4. SDP Signaling
RFC 3611 defines the use of the Session Description Protocol (SDP)
[RFC4566] for signaling the use of RTCP XR blocks. However, XR
blocks MAY be used without prior signaling (see Section 5 of RFC
3611).
4.1. SDP rtcp-xr Attribute Extension
This session augments the SDP attribute "rtcp-xr" defined in
Section 5.1 of RFC 3611 by providing an additional value of
"xr-format" to signal the use of the report block defined in this
document. The ABNF [RFC5234] syntax is as follows.
xr-format =/ xr-tpid-block
xr-tpid-block = "ts-psi-indep-decodability"
4.2. Offer/Answer Usage
When SDP is used in Offer/Answer context, the SDP Offer/Answer usage
defined in [RFC3611] for unilateral "rtcp-xr" attribute parameters
applies. For detailed usage of Offer/Answer for unilateral
parameters, refer to Section 5.2 of [RFC3611].
5. IANA Considerations
New report block types for RTCP XR are subject to IANA registration.
For general guidelines on IANA allocations for RTCP XR, refer to
Section 6.2 of RFC 3611.
5.1. New RTCP XR Block Type Value
This document assigns the block type value 22 in the IANA "RTP
Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR) Block Type Registry" to
the "MPEG-2 Transport Stream PSI-Independent Decodability Statistics
Metrics Block".
5.2. New RTCP XR SDP Parameter
This document also registers the new parameter "ts-psi-
indep-decodability" in the "RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports
(RTCP XR) Session Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters Registry".
5.3. Contact Information for Registrations
The contact information for registrations is:
Qin Wu (sunseawq@huawei.com)
101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
Nanjing, Jiangsu 210012
China
6. Security Considerations
There might be some relationship between reported error counters and
contractual Service Level Agreements (SLAs); hence, an attack (e.g.,
RTP endpoints reporting false data, or an attacker in the path
modifying the data being reported) might deliberately corrupt these
error counters, resulting in financial implications for the network
operator (either as a result of unneeded performance metrics, or
penalty charges for SLA failure).
A solution to prevent such an attack is to apply an authentication
and integrity protection framework for the RTCP XR block. This can
be accomplished using the RTP profile that combines Secure RTP
[RFC3711] and the Audio-Visual Profile with Feedback (AVPF) into
Secure AVPF (SAVPF) [RFC5124].
Besides this, the RTCP XR block in this document introduces no new
security considerations beyond those described in [RFC3611].
7. Acknowledgements
Thanks to Ray van Brandenburg, Claire Bi, Colin Perkins, Roni Even,
Dan Romascanu, Ali Begen, Alexey Melnikov, Bert Wijnen, Gonzalo
Camarillo, Benoit Claise, and Alan Clark for useful reviews and
suggestions.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[ETSI] ETSI, "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Measurement
guidelines for DVB systems", Technical Report TR 101 290,
2001.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC3550] Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., and V.
Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
Applications", STD 64, RFC 3550, July 2003.
[RFC3611] Friedman, T., Caceres, R., and A. Clark, "RTP Control
Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR)", RFC 3611, November
2003.
[RFC3711] Baugher, M., McGrew, D., Naslund, M., Carrara, E., and K.
Norrman, "The Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP)",
RFC 3711, March 2004.
[RFC4566] Handley, M., Jacobson, V., and C. Perkins, "SDP: Session
Description Protocol", RFC 4566, July 2006.
[RFC5124] Ott, J. and E. Carrara, "Extended Secure RTP Profile for
Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP)-Based Feedback
(RTP/SAVPF)", RFC 5124, February 2008.
[RFC5234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008.
8.2. Informative References
[ISO-IEC.13818-1.2013]
International Organization for Standardization,
"Information technology - Generic coding of moving
pictures and associated audio information: Systems", ISO
International Standard 13818-1, May 2013.
[RFC6390] Clark, A. and B. Claise, "Guidelines for Considering New
Performance Metric Development", BCP 170, RFC 6390,
October 2011.
[RFC6709] Carpenter, B., Aboba, B., and S. Cheshire, "Design
Considerations for Protocol Extensions", RFC 6709,
September 2012.
[RFC6776] Clark, A. and Q. Wu, "Measurement Identity and Information
Reporting Using a Source Description (SDES) Item and an
RTCP Extended Report (XR) Block", RFC 6776, October 2012.
[RFC6792] Wu, Q., Hunt, G., and P. Arden, "Guidelines for Use of the
RTP Monitoring Framework", RFC 6792, November 2012.
Authors' Addresses
Rachel Huang
Huawei
101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
Nanjing 210012
China
EMail: rachel.huang@huawei.com
Qin Wu
Huawei
101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
Nanjing, Jiangsu 210012
China
EMail: bill.wu@huawei.com
Hitoshi Asaeda
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi
Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795
Japan
EMail: asaeda@nict.go.jp
Glen Zorn
Network Zen
227/358 Thanon Sanphawut
Bang Na, Bangkok 10260
Thailand
Phone: +66 (0) 8-1000-4155
EMail: glenzorn@gmail.com