wdiff rfc7990.original rfc7990.txt

Internet Architecture Board (IAB) H. Flanagan
Internet-Draft
Request for Comments: 7990 RFC Editor
Intended status:
Category: Informational June 23, 2016
Expires: December 25, November 2016
ISSN: 2070-1721

RFC Format Framework
draft-iab-rfc-framework-06

Abstract

The

In order to improve the readability of RFCs while supporting their
archivability, the canonical format for of the RFC Series has been plain-text, ASCII-
encoded for several decades. After extensive community discussion
and debate, the RFC Editor will be
transitioning from plain-text ASCII to XML as the
canonical format using the XML2RFC xml2rfc version
3 vocabulary. Different vocabulary; different publication formats will be rendered from
that base document. These
changes are intended to increase the usability of the RFC Series by
offering documents that match the needs of a wider variety of
stakeholders. With these changes, however, changes comes an increase in
complexity for authors, consumers, and the publisher of RFCs. This
document serves as the framework that describes provides the problems being
solved and summarizes problem statement,
lays out a road map of the many documents that capture the specific
requirements for each aspect of the change in format.

Editorial Note (To be removed by RFC Editor)

Discussion of this draft takes place on
requirements, and describes the rfc-interest mailing list
(rfc-interest@rfc-editor.org), which has its home page at
https://www.rfc-editor.org/mailman/listinfo/rfc-interest. transition plan.

Status of This Memo

This Internet-Draft document is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

Internet-Drafts are working documents not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
published for informational purposes.

This document is a product of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note Architecture Board (IAB)
and represents information that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list the IAB has deemed valuable to
provide for permanent record. It represents the consensus of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid the
Internet Architecture Board (IAB). Documents approved for
publication by the IAB are not a maximum candidate for any level of six months Internet
Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 7841.

Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents obtained at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

This Internet-Draft will expire on December 25, 2016.
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7990.

This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2
2. Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3
4. Overview of the Decision Making Decision-Making Process . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Key Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5
6. Canonical Format Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6.1. XML for RFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. Publication Format Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7
7.1. HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7
7.2. PDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.3. Plain Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8
7.4. Potential Future Publication Formats . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.4.1. EPUB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8. Figures and Artwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.1. SVG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9. Content and Page Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 9
9.1. Non-ASCII Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 9
9.2. Style Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 9
9.3. CSS Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 9
10. Transition Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10.1. Statement of Work and RFP for Tool Development . . . . . 10
10.2. Testing and Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10.3. Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 11
11. IANA Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 11
12. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . 12
13. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
14. Appendix - Change log . .
12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
14.1. draft-iab-rfc-framework-05 to -06 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
14.2. draft-iab-rfc-framework-04 to -05 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
14.3. draft-iab-rfc-framework-03 to -04 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
14.4. draft-iab-rfc-framework-02 to -03 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
14.5. draft-iab-rfc-framework-01 to -02 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
14.6. draft-iab-rfc-framework-00 to -01 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
15.
12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
IAB Members at the Time of Approval . . . . . . . . 13
15.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . 13
15.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 15
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 15

1. Introduction

"RFC Series Format Requirements and Future Development" discussed [RFC6949]
discusses the need for additional features within RFCs to improve the display of items such as non-ASCII characters
to respect author names, more advanced artwork than ASCII art,
names and
documents that could display artwork in RFCs as well as the need to improve the ability
of RFCs to be displayed properly on a wide variety of devices
[RFC6949]. various devices. Based on the
discussions with the IETF community as well
as other communities of interest, such as the IETF, the RFC
Series Editor decided to explore a change to the format of the Series
[XML-ANNOUNCE]. This document serves as the framework that describes
the problems being solved and summarizes the documents created to-date to-
date that capture the specific requirements for each aspect of the
change in format.

Key changes to the publication of RFCs are highlighted, and a
transition plan that will take the Series from a plain-text, plain text, ASCII-
only format to the new formats is described on the rfc-interest
mailing list [RFC-INTEREST].

This document is concerned with the production of RFCs, focusing on
the published formats. It does not address any changes to the
processes each stream uses to develop and review their submissions
(specifically, how Internet-Drafts will be developed). While I-Ds
have a similar set of issues and concerns, directly addressing those
issues for I-Ds will be discussed within each document stream.

The details described in this document are expected to change based
on experience gained in implementing the RFC Production Center's
toolset. new publication toolsets.
Revised documents will be published capturing those changes as the toolset is
toolsets are completed. Other implementers must not expect those
changes to remain backwards-compatible backwards compatible with the details described in
this document.

2. Problem Statement

There are nearly three billion people connected to the Internet, Internet
[ISTATS] and individuals from at least 45 countries or more have regularly attending
attended IETF meetings over the last five years [ISTATS]. years. The Internet is now
global, and while the world has changed from when the first RFCs were
published, the Series remains critical to defining protocols,
standards, best practices, and more for this global network that
continues to grow. In order to make RFCs easily viewable to the
largest number of people possible, across a wide array of devices,
and to respect the diversity of authors and reference materials while
still recognizing the archival aspects of the Series, it is time to
update the tightly prescribed format of the RFC Series.

All changes to the format of the RFC Series must consider be made with
consideration to the requirements of a wide set of communities, communities over
an extended length of time. For example, Examples of the preferences and specific
needs are those of existing authors and implementers, lawyers that
argue Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), educators, managers, and
policy-makers
policymakers that need to know what to list in potential RFPs Request for
their organizations, all have preferences and requirements
Proposals (RFPs) for their
specific needs. organizations. The immediate needs of
today's communities must be balanced with the needs for long-term
archival storage.

3. Terminology

The following

This document uses terminology is used as described in from RFC 6949: 6949, repeated below for
convenience.

ASCII: Coded Character Set - 7-bit American Standard Code for
Information Interchange, ANSI X3.4-1986 [ASCII]
Canonical format: the authorized, recognized, accepted, and
archived version of the document

Metadata: information associated with a document so as to provide,
for example, definitions of its structure, or of elements within
the document such as its topic or author

Publication format: display and distribution format as it may be
read or printed after the publication process has completed

Reflowable text: text that automatically wraps to the next line in
a document as the user moves the margins of the text, either by
resizing the window or changing the font size

Revisable format: the format that will provide the information for
conversion into a Publication format; it is used or created by the
RFC Editor

Submission format: the format submitted to the RFC Editor for
editorial revision and publication

4. Overview of the Decision Making Decision-Making Process

Requirements, use cases, concerns, and suggestions were collected
from the communities of interest at every stage of the RFC format project to
update project. the RFC format. Input was received through the rfc-interest
mailing list, as well as in several face-to-face sessions at IETF
meetings. Regular conversations were held with the Chairs of the
IETF, IRTF, IAB, and IAOC
chairs, and as well as the Independent Stream Editor, Editor to
discuss high-level stream requirements. Updates regarding the status
of the project were provided to the IETF community during the IETF
Technical Plenary as well as Format BoFs or IAB sessions at several
IETF 84, IETF 85, IETF 88,
IETF 89, and IETF 90 meetings [IETF84] [IETF85] [IETF88] [IETF89] [IETF90].

The first document published, RFC 6949, provided the first solid
documentation on what the requirements were for the Series and in
effect was the output from the first year of discussion on the topic of RFC format. That RFC, as with all of the RFCs that informed the
format update work, was published as an RFC 6949, which provided the first solid
documentation on the requirements for the Series. RFC 6949 is a
product of the IAB stream document, thus
following (following the process described in RFC 4845,
"Process for Publication of IAB RFCs" [RFC4845]. [RFC4845]). This is also the
case with all of the RFCs that informed the format update work.

After the high-level requirements were published, the RFC Series
Editor (RSE) brought together an RFC Format Design Team to start
working out the necessary details to develop the code needed to
create new and changed formats. The design team Design Team discussed moving
away from the existing xml2rfc vocabulary, but with such a strong
existing support base within the community and no clear value with
other XML vocabularies or schemas, the decision was made to work with
the XML2RFC xml2rfc version 2 (xml2rfc v2) [RFC7749] model and use it as the
base for the new format world [RFC7749]. environment. Part of this discussion
included a decision to stop using an XML document type definition
(DTD) in favor of a Regular Language for XML Next General (Relax (RELAX NG)
model using a defined vocabulary. While the bi-weekly biweekly calls for this
team were limited to Design Team members, review of the decisions as
documented in the drafts documents produced by this team were was done publicly
through requests for feedback on the rfc-interest mailing list.
Several of the drafts documents produced by the Design Team, including the those
on xml2rfc v2 [RFC7749] and v3 drafts [RFC7991] and the SVG profile drafts,
[RFC7996], were sent through an early GenART review [GEN-ART] before
starting the process to be accepted as an by the IAB
stream draft [GEN-ART] [I-D.iab-xml2rfc]. stream.

While the IETF community provided the majority of input on the
process, additional outreach opportunities were sought to gain input
from an even broader audience. Informal discussions were held with
participants at several International Association of Scientific,
Technical, and Medical Publisher events, events [STM], and presentations made
at technical conferences such as the TERENA Networking Conference
2014 [TNC2014] and NORDUnet 2014 [TNC2014] [NDN2014].

In order to respond to concerns regarding responses to subpoenas and
to understand the requirements for lawyers, legal requirements, advice was requested from the
IETF Trust legal team regarding what format or formats would be
considered reasonable when responding to a subpoena request for an
RFC.

Given that several other standards development organizations (SDOs)
do not offer plain-text documents, and in fact may offer more than
one format for their standards, informal input was sought from them
regarding their experience with supporting one or more non-plain-text
formats for their standards.

Finally, the entire process was reviewed regularly with the RFC
Series Oversight Committee [RSOC] and regular updates provided to the
IAB and IESG [RSOC]. IESG. They have offered support and input throughout the
process.

Where consensus was not reached during the process, the RSE made any
necessary final decisions, as per the guidance in RFC 6635, "RFC Editor Model
(Version 2)" [RFC6635].

5. Key Changes

At the highest level, the changes being made to the RFC Format format
involve breaking away from a pure-ASCII solely ASCII plain text and moving to a
canonical format that includes all the information required for
rendering a document into a wide variety of publication formats. The
RFC Editor will become responsible for more than just the plain-text
file and the PDF-from-text format created at time of publication;
they the
RFC Editor will be creating several different formats in order to
meet the diverse requirements of the community.

The final XML file produced by the RFC Editor will be considered the
canonical format for RFCs; it is the lowest common denominator that
holds all the information intended for an RFC. PDF/A-3 will be the
publication format offered in response to subpoenas for RFCs
published through this new process, process and will be developed with an eye
towards long-term archival storage. HTML will be the focus of
providing the most flexible set of features for an RFC, including
JavaScript to provide pointers to errata and other metadata. Plain- Plain
text will continue to be offered in order to support existing tool
chains
chains, where practicable practicable, and the individuals who prefer to read
RFCs in this format.

6. Canonical Format Documents

6.1. XML for RFCs

Key points regarding the XML format:

o The canonical format for RFCs is XML using the XML2RFC xml2rfc version 3
(xml2rfc v3) vocabulary. This The XML file must contain all
information necessary to render a variety of formats; any question
about what was intended in the publication will be answered from
this format.

o Authors may submit drafts in documents using the xml2rfc v2 vocabulary, but
the final publication will convert that be converted to use the xml2rfc v3
vocabulary.

o SVG is supported and will be embedded in the final XML file.

o There will be automatically generated identifiers for sections,
paragraphs, figures, and tables in the final XML file.

o The XML file will not contain any xml2rfc v3 vocabulary elements
or attributes that have been marked deprecated.

o A Document Type Definition (DTD) DTD will no longer be used. The grammar will be defined using RelaxNG.
RELAX NG [RNC].

o The final XML file will contain, verbatim, the appropriate
boilerplate as applicable at time of publication specified by RFC
5741
7841 [RFC7841] or its successors [RFC5741]. successors.

o The final XML will be self-contained with all the information
known at publication time. For instance, all features that
reference externally-defined externally defined input will be expanded. This
includes all uses of xinclude, src attributes (such as in
<artwork> or <sourcecode> elements), include-like processing
instructions, and externally defined entities.

o The final XML will not contain comments or processing
instructions.

o The final XML will not contain src attributes for <artwork> or
<sourcecode> elements.

[RFC7749] describes the xml2rfc v2 vocabulary. While in wide use
today, at
the time of writing, this vocabulary previously had not been formally documented. documented
prior to the publication of RFC 7749. In order to understand what
needed to change in the vocabulary to allow for a more simple
experience and additional features for authors, the current
vocabulary needed to be fully described. This
document RFC 7749 will be obsoleted
by the RFC published from draft-iab-
xml2rfc.

[I-D.iab-xml2rfc] Describes [RFC7991].

[RFC7991] describes the xml2rfc v3 vocabulary. The design goals in this vocabulary were
to make the vocabulary more intuitive for authors, authors and to expand the
features to support the changes being made in the publication
process. This draft, when published, will
obsolete the It obsoletes RFC 7749.

7. Publication Format Documents

7.1. HTML

[I-D.iab-html-rfc] - Describes

[RFC7992] describes the semantic HTML that will be produced by the
RFC Editor from the xml2rfc v3 files.

Key points regarding the HTML output:

o The HTML will be rendered from the XML file; it will not be
derived from the plain-text publication format.

o The body of the document will use a subset of HTML. The documents
will include CSS Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) for default visual
presentation; it can be overwritten by a local CSS file.

o SVG is supported and will be included in the HTML file.

o Text will be reflowable.

o JavaScript will be supported on a limited basis. It will not be
permitted to overwrite or change any text present in the rendered
html.
HTML. It may, on a limited basis, add additional text that provides post-publication post-
publication metadata or pointers pointers, if warranted. All such text
will be clearly marked as additional.

7.2. PDF

[I-D.iab-rfc-use-of-pdf] - Describes

[RFC7995] describes the tags and profiles that will be used to create
the new PDF format, including both the internal structure and the
visible layout of the file. A review of the different versions of
PDF is offered, with a recommendation of what PDF standard should
apply to RFCs.

Key points regarding the PDF output:

o The PDF file will be rendered from the XML file; it will not be
derived from the plain-text publication format.

o The PDF publication format will conform to the PDF/A-3 standard
and will embed the canonical XML source.

o The PDF will look more like the HTML publication format than the
plain-text publication format.

o The PDF will include a rich set of tags and metadata within the
document
document.

o SVG is supported and will be included in the PDF file.

7.3. Plain Text

[I-D.iab-rfc-plaintext] - Describes

[RFC7994] describes the details of the plain text
format, focusing plain-text format; in particular
particular, it focuses on what is changing from the existing
plain-text plain-
text output.

Key points regarding the plain-text output:

o The plain-text document will no longer be the canonical version of
an RFC.

o The plain-text format will be UTF-8 encoded; non-ASCII characters
will be allowed.

o A Byte Order Mark (BOM) will be added at the start of each file.

o Widow and orphan control [TYPOGRAPHY] for the plain-text
publication format will not have priority for the developers
creating the rendering
code [TYPOGRAPHY]. code.

o Authors may choose to have pointers to line art in other
publication formats in place of ASCII art in the .txt file.

o Both a paginated and an An unpaginated plain-text file will be created.

o Running headers and footers will not be used.

7.4. Potential Future Publication Formats

7.4.1. EPUB

This format is intended for use by ebook readers and will be
available for RFCs after the requirements have been defined. No
draft
document on this topic is currently available.

8. Figures and Artwork

8.1. SVG

[I-D.iab-svg-rfc] Describes

[RFC7996] describes the profile for SVG line art. SVG is an
XML-based XML-
based vocabulary for creating line drawings; SVG information will be
embedded within the canonical XML at the time of publication.

9. Content and Page Layout

9.1. Non-ASCII Characters

There are security and readability implications to moving outside the
ASCII range of characters. [I-D.iab-rfc-nonascii] [RFC7997] focuses on exactly where and
how non-ASCII characters may be used in an RFC, with an eye towards
keeping the documents as secure and readable as possible possible, given the
information that needs to be expressed.

9.2. Style Guide

The RFC Style Guide [RFC7322] was revised to remove as much page
formatting information as possible, focusing instead on grammar,
structure, and content of RFCs. Some of the changes recommended,
however, informed the XML v3 vocabulary.

9.3. CSS Requirements

[I-D.iab-rfc-css] describe

[RFC7993] describes how the CSS classes mentioned in the HTML
format draft, "HyperText
Markup Language Request for Comments
Format", Format" should be used to create
an accessible and responsive design for the HTML format.

10. Transition Plan

10.1. Statement of Work and RFP for Tool Development

Existing tools for the creation of RFCs will need to be updated, and
new tools created, to implement the updated format. As the
requirements gathering
requirements-gathering effort, described in the various documents
described earlier int in this draft, document, finishes the bulk of the work,
the Tools Development Team of the IETF will work with the RSE to
develop Statements of Work (SoWs). Those SoWs will first be reviewed
within the Tools Development Team, Team and the Tools Management Committee,
and it will then go out for a public comment period. After public
review, the SoWs will be attached to a Request for Proposal (RFP) an RFP and posted as per the
IASA
IETF Administrative Support Activity (IASA) bid process [IASA-RFP].

Once bids have been received, reviewed, and awarded, coding will
begin.

10.2. Testing and Transition

During the I-D review and approval process, authors and stream-
approving bodies will select drafts to run through the proposed new
publication process. The RFC Editor will process these documents
after they have been approved for publication using xml2rfc v2 and
will simultaneously test the selected I-Ds with the xml2rfc v3
process and tools. While the final RFCs published during this time
will continue as plain-text plain text and immutable once published, the
feedback process is necessary to bootstrap initial testing. These
early tests will target finding issues with the proposed xml2rfc v3
vocabulary that result in poorly formed publication formats as well
as issues that prevent proper review of submitted drafts. documents.

Feedback will result in regular iteration of the basic code and XML
vocabulary. In order to limit the amount of time the RFC Production
Center (RPC) spends on testing and QA, quality assurance (QA), their
priority will be to edit and publish documents; therefore, community
assistance will be necessary to help move this stage along. A
mailing list and experimental source directory on the RFC Editor
website will be created for community members willing to assist in
the detailed review of the XML and publication formats. Editorial
checks of the publication formats by the community are out of scope;
the focus will be the QA of each available output, checking for
inconsistencies across formats.

The purpose of the testing phase is to work with the community to
identify and fix bugs in the process and the code, code before producing
canonical, immutable XML, and to collect additional feedback on the
usability of the new publication formats.

Any modifications to the draft document review process, up to and including
AUTH48, will happen with the community and the stream approving stream-approving
bodies as we learn more about the features and outputs of the new
publication tools. Defining those processes is out of scope for this
document.

Success will be measured by the closure of all bugs which had been identified by the
RPC and the Tools Development team Team as fatal and in addition to reaching
rough consensus with the community on the readiness of the XML
vocabulary and final XML output files for publication. The actual
rendering engine can go through further review and iteration, as the
publication formats may be republished as needed.

Authors are not required to submit their approved drafts to the RFC
Editor in an XML format, though they are strongly encouraged to do
so; plain-text plain text will also remain an option for the foreseeable future.
However, documents submitted as plain-text plain text cannot include such
features as SVG artwork. The RPC will generate an XML file if
necessary for basic processing and subsequent rendering into the
approved output formats.

A known risk at this point of the transition is the difficulty in
quantifying the resources required from the RPC. This phase will
require more work on the part of the RPC to support both old and new
publication processes for at least six months. There is potential
for confusion as consumers of RFCs find some documents published at
this time with a full set of outputs, while other older documents only have
plain text. There may be a delay in publication as new bugs are
found that must be fixed before the files can be converted into the
canonical format and associated publication formats.

Final success of the transition will be measured by the closure of
all bugs which had been identified by the RPC and the Tools
Development team as major or critical. There must also be rough
consensus from the community regarding the utility of the new
formats.

10.3. Completion

Authors may submit XML (preferred) or plain text. plain-text files. The XML drafts
files submitted for publication will be converted to canonical XML
format and published with all available publication formats. All
authors will be expected to review the final documents as consistent
with the evolving procedures for reviewing drafts. documents.

Success for this phase will be measured by a solid understanding by
the RSE and the IAOC of the necessary costs and resources required
for long-term support of the new format model.

11. IANA Considerations

This document has no actions for IANA.

12. Security Considerations

Changing the format for RFCs involves modifying a great number of
components to publication. Understanding those changes and the
implications for the entire tool chain is critical so as to avoid
unintended bugs that would allow unintended changes to text.
Unintended changes to text could in turn corrupt a standard, practice
practice, or critical piece of information about a protocol.

13. Acknowledgements

With many thanks to the RFC Format Design Team for their efforts in
making this transition successful: Nevil Brownlee (ISE), Tony Hansen,
Joe Hildebrand, Paul Hoffman, Ted Lemon, Julian Reschke, Adam Roach,
Alice Russo, Robert Sparks (Tools Team liaison), and Dave Thaler.

14. Appendix - Change log

To be removed by RFC Editor

14.1. draft-iab-rfc-framework-05 to -06

xml2rfcv2: minor clarifications

14.2. draft-iab-rfc-framework-04 to -05

Introduction: minor clarifications

Updated references

14.3. draft-iab-rfc-framework-03 to -04

Introduction: editorial changes

Clarified that submitted plain text will be converted to XML by the
RPC; the XML will be used to render all output formats.

14.4. draft-iab-rfc-framework-02 to -03

HTML output: clarified expectations around use of JavaScript.

14.5. draft-iab-rfc-framework-01 to -02

Introduction: Removed some unnecessary history.

14.6. draft-iab-rfc-framework-00 to -01

Decision Making Process: noted taht other XML schemas and
vocabularies were considered by the design team

XML for RFCs: "boilerplate at time of publication"

HTML: clarified that JavaScript should not impact readability of the
document as it looked at time of publication

15.

12. References

15.1.

12.1. Normative References

[RFC6949] Flanagan, H. and N. Brownlee, "RFC Series Format
Requirements and Future Development", RFC 6949,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6949, May 2013,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6949>.

[RFC7749] Reschke, J., "The "xml2rfc" Version 2 Vocabulary",
RFC 7749, DOI 10.17487/RFC7749, February 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7749>.

[I-D.iab-xml2rfc]

[RFC7991] Hoffman, P., "The "xml2rfc" version Version 3 Vocabulary", draft-
iab-xml2rfc-03 (work in progress), February 2016.

[I-D.iab-svg-rfc]
Brownlee, N., "SVG Drawings for RFCs: SVG 1.2 RFC", draft-
iab-svg-rfc-02 (work in progress), February 2016.

[I-D.iab-html-rfc]
RFC 7991, DOI 10.17487/RFC7991, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7991>.

[RFC7992] Hildebrand, J. and P. Hoffman, "HyperText Markup Language
Request For for Comments Format", draft-iab-html-rfc-02 (work
in progress), February 2016.

[I-D.iab-rfc-use-of-pdf] RFC 7992,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7992, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc792>.

[RFC7993] Flanagan, H., "Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Requirements
for RFCs", RFC 7993, DOI 10.17487/RFC7993, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7993>.

[RFC7994] Flanagan, H., "Requirements for Plain-Text RFCs",
RFC 7994, DOI 10.17487/RFC7994, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7994>.

[RFC7995] Hansen, T., Masinter, L., and M. Hardy, "PDF for an RFC
Series Output Document Format", draft-iab-rfc-use-of-
pdf-02 (work in progress), May 2016.

[I-D.iab-rfc-plaintext]
Flanagan, H., "Requirements RFC 7995,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7995, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7995>.

[RFC7996] Brownlee, N., "SVG Drawings for Plain-Text RFCs", draft-
iab-rfc-plaintext-03 (work in progress), May 2016.

[I-D.iab-rfc-nonascii] RFCs: SVG 1.2 RFC",
RFC 7996, DOI 10.17487/RFC7996, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7996>.

[RFC7997] Flanagan, H., "The Use of Non-ASCII Characters in RFCs",
draft-iab-rfc-nonascii-02 (work in progress), April 2016.

[I-D.iab-rfc-css]
Flanagan, H., "CSS Requirements for RFCs", draft-iab-rfc-
css-00 (work in progress), January 2016.

15.2.
RFC 7997, DOI 10.17487/RFC7997, October 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7997>.

12.2. Informative References

[RFC4845] Daigle, L., Ed. and Internet Architecture Board, "Process
for Publication of IAB RFCs", RFC 4845,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4845, July 2007,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4845>.

[RFC5741] Daigle, L., Ed., Kolkman, O., Ed., and IAB, "RFC Streams,
Headers, and Boilerplates", RFC 5741,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5741, December 2009,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5741>.

[RFC6635] Kolkman, O., Ed., Halpern, J., Ed., and IAB, "RFC Editor
Model (Version 2)", RFC 6635, DOI 10.17487/RFC6635, June
2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6635>.

[RFC7322] Flanagan, H. and S. Ginoza, "RFC Style Guide", RFC 7322,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7322, September 2014,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7322>.

[RFC7841] Halpern, J., Ed., Daigle, L., Ed., and O. Kolkman, Ed.,
"RFC Streams, Headers, and Boilerplates", RFC 7841,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7841, May 2016,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7841>.

[ASCII] American National Standards Institute, "Coded Character
Set - 7-bit American Standard Code for Information
Interchange", ANSI X3.4-1986, 1986.

[GEN-ART] IETF, "General Area Review Team (Gen-ART)", n.d.,
<http://www.ietf.org/iesg/directorate/gen-art.html>.

[IASA-RFP]
IETF Administrative Support Activity, "RFPs and RFIs",
n.d.,
<http://iaoc.ietf.org/rfps-rfis.html>.

[IETF84] Flanagan, H., "IETF 84 Proceedings: RFC Format (rfcform)",
n.d.,
July 2012,
<http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/84/rfcform.html>.

[IETF85] Flanagan, H., "IETF 85 Proceedings: RFC Format (rfcform)",
n.d.,
November 2012,
<http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/85/rfcform.html>.

[IETF88] Flanagan, H., "IETF 88 Proceedings: RFC Format (rfcform)",
n.d.,
November 2013,
<http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/88/rfcform.html>.

[IETF89] Flanagan, H., "IETF 89 Proceedings: RFC Format (rfcform)",
n.d.,
March 2014,
<http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/89/rfcform.html>.

[IETF90] Flanagan, H., "IETF 90 Proceedings: RFC Format (rfcform)",
n.d.,
July 2014,
<http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/90/rfcform.html>.

[ISTATS] "Internet Live Stats", n.d.,
<http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users/>.

[NDN2014] "28th NORDUnet Conference 2014", 2014,
<https://events.nordu.net/display/NORDU2014/
BoF%27s+and+side+meetings>.

[RFC-INTEREST]
RFC Editor, "rfc-interest -- A list for discussion of the
RFC series and RFC Editor functions.", n.d.,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/mailman/listinfo/rfc-
interest>. <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/mailman/listinfo/rfc-interest>.

[RNC] Clark, J., "RELAX NG Compact Syntax", OASIS , November
2002, <http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/relax-ng/
compact-20021121.html>.

[RSOC] IAB, "RFC Editor Program: The RSOC", n.d.,
<http://www.iab.org/activities/programs/
rfc-editor-program/>.

[TNC2014] Flanagan, H., "IETF Update - 'What's Hot?' - RFC Update",
n.d.,
2014, <https://tnc2014.terena.org/core/presentation/84>.

[STM] STM, "The global voice of scholarly publishing",
<http://www.stm-assoc.org/>.

[TYPOGRAPHY]
Butterick, M., "Butterick's Practical Typography", n.d.,
<http://practicaltypography.com/
widow-and-orphan-control.html>.

[XML-ANNOUNCE]
Flanagan, H., "Subject: [rfc-i] Direction of the RFC
Format Development effort", n.d., <http://www.rfc-editor.org/pipermail/
rfc-interest/2013-May/005584.html>. message to the rfc-interest
mailing list, May 2013, <http://www.rfc-
editor.org/pipermail/rfc-interest/2013-May/005584.html>.

IAB Members at the Time of Approval

The IAB members at the time this memo was approved were (in
alphabetical order):

Jari Arkko
Ralph Droms
Ted Hardie
Joe Hildebrand
Russ Housley
Lee Howard
Erik Nordmark
Robert Sparks
Andrew Sullivan
Dave Thaler
Martin Thomson
Brian Trammell
Suzanne Woolf

Acknowledgements

Author's Address

Heather Flanagan
RFC Editor

Email: rse@rfc-editor.org
URI: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-2220