Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) A. JainInternet-DraftRequest for Comments: 8129 Georgia Tech Updates: 4120(if approved)N. KinderIntended status:Category: Standards Track N. McCallumExpires: August 13, 2017ISSN: 2070-1721 Red Hat, Inc.February 9,March 2017 Authentication Indicator in Kerberos Ticketsdraft-ietf-kitten-krb-auth-indicator-07Abstract This document updates RFC4120 in order to specify4120, as it specifies an extension in the Kerberos protocol. It defines a new authorization datatype AD- AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR.type, AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR. The purpose of introducing this data type is to include an indicator of the strength of a client's authentication in service tickets so that application services can use it as an input into policy decisions. Status of This Memo ThisInternet-Draftissubmitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documentsan Internet Standards Track document. This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The listIt represents the consensus ofcurrent Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents validthe IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved fora maximumpublication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841. Information about the current status ofsix monthsthis document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may beupdated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documentsobtained atany time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on August 13, 2017.http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8129. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. AD Type Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 4. Assigned Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Appendix A. ASN.1 Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Appendix B.5 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6. . . . . . 5 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 1. Introduction Kerberos [RFC4120] allows secure interaction among users and services over a network. It supports a variety of authentication mechanisms using its pre-authentication framework [RFC6113]. The Kerberos authentication service has been architected to support password-based authentication as well as multi-factor authentication using one-time password devices, public-keycryptographycryptography, and otherpre- authenticationpre-authentication schemes. Implementations that offerpre- authenticationpre-authentication mechanisms supporting significantly different strengths of client authentication may choose to keep track of the strength of the authentication that was used, for use as an input into policy decisions. This document specifies a new authorization data type to convey authentication strength information to application services. Elements of this type appear within an AD-CAMMAC(authorization data(Authorization Data type Container Authenticated by Multiple Message Authentication Codes) [RFC7751] container. 2. Document Conventions The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 3. AD Type Specification The Key Distribution Center (KDC) MAY include authorization data of ad-type 97, wrapped in AD-CAMMAC, in initial credentials. The KDC MAY copy it from a ticket-granting ticket into service tickets. The corresponding ad-data field contains the DER encoding [X.690] of the following ASN.1 [X.680] type: AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR ::= SEQUENCE OF UTF8String Each UTF8String value is a short string that indicates that a particular set of requirements was met during the initial authentication. These strings are intended to be compared against known values. They are not intended to store structured data. Each string MUST be either:*o A URIwhichthat references a Level of Assurance Profile[RFC6711] *[RFC6711], or o A site-defined string, which MUST NOT contain a colon, whose meaning is determined by the realm administrator. Authorization data elements of type AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR MUST be included in an AD-CAMMAC container so that their contents can be verified as originating from the KDC. Elements of typeAD- AUTHENTICATION-INDICATORAD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR MAY safely be ignored by applications and KDCs that do not implement this element. 4. Assigned Numbers RFC 4120 [RFC4120] is updated in the following way: o The ad-type number 97 is assigned for AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR, updating the table in Section 7.5.4 of RFC 4120 [RFC4120]. o The table in Section 5.2.6 of RFC 4120 [RFC4120] is updated to map the ad-type 97 to "DER encoding of AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR". 5. Security Considerations Elements of type AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR are wrapped in AD-CAMMAC containers. AD-CAMMAC supersedesAD-KDC-ISSUED,AD-KDC-ISSUED and allows both application services and the KDC to verify the authenticity of the contained authorization data. KDC implementations MUST use AD-CAMMAC verifiers as described in thethesecurity considerations of RFC 7751 [RFC7751] to ensure thatAD- AUTHENTICATION-INDICATORAD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR elements are not modified by an attacker. Application servers MUST validate the AD-CAMMAC container before making authorization decisions based on AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR elements. Application servers MUST NOT make authorization decisions based on AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR elementswhichthat appear outside of AD-CAMMAC containers. Using multiple strings in AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR may lead to ambiguity when a service tries to make a decision based on theAD- AUTHENTICATION-INDICATORAD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR values. This ambiguity can be avoided if indicator values are always used as a positive indication of certain requirements being met during the initial authentication. For example, if a "without-password" indicator is inserted whenever authentication occurs without a password, a service might assume this is an indication that a higher-strength client authentication occurred. However, this indicator might also be inserted when no authentication occurred at all (such as anonymous PKINIT).ServiceApplication service evaluation of site-defined indicators MUST consider the realm of original authentication in order to avoid cross-realm indicator collisions. Failure to enforce this property can result in invalidauthorization.authorization decisions. 6. IANA Considerations This documenthas no actions for IANA.does not require any IANA actions. 7. References 7.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. [RFC4120] Neuman, C., Yu, T., Hartman, S., and K. Raeburn, "The Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5)", RFC 4120, DOI 10.17487/RFC4120, July 2005, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4120>. [RFC6113] Hartman, S. and L. Zhu, "A Generalized Framework for Kerberos Pre-Authentication", RFC 6113, DOI 10.17487/RFC6113, April 2011, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6113>. [RFC7751] Sorce, S. and T. Yu, "Kerberos Authorization Data Container Authenticated by Multiple Message Authentication Codes (MACs)", RFC 7751, DOI 10.17487/RFC7751, March 2016, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7751>. [X.680] ITU-T, "Information technology -- Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basicnotation --notation", ITU-T RecommendationX.680 (ISO/IECX.680, ISO/IEC International Standard8824-1:2008)",8824-1:2008, November 2008. [X.690] ITU-T, "Information technology -- ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules(DER) --(DER)", ITU-T RecommendationX.690 (ISO/IECX.690, ISO/IEC International Standard8825-1:2008)",8825-1:2008, November 2008. 7.2. Informative References [RFC6711] Johansson, L., "An IANA Registry for Level of Assurance (LoA) Profiles", RFC 6711, DOI 10.17487/RFC6711, August 2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6711>. Appendix A. ASN.1 Module KerberosV5AuthenticationIndicators { iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) kerberosV5(2) modules(4) authentication-indicators(9) } DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN AD-AUTHENTICATION-INDICATOR ::= SEQUENCE OF UTF8String ENDAppendix B.Acknowledgements Dmitri Pal (Red Hat) Simo Sorce (Red Hat) Greg Hudson (MIT) Authors' Addresses Anupam Jain Georgia Tech 225 North Ave NW Atlanta, GA 30332USA EMail:United States of America Email: ajain323@gatech.edu Nathan Kinder Red Hat, Inc. 444 Castro St. Suite 500 Mountain View, CA 94041USA EMail:United States of America Email: nkinder@redhat.com Nathaniel McCallum Red Hat, Inc. 100 East Davie Street Raleigh, NC 27601USA EMail:United States of America Email: npmccallum@redhat.com