<?xmlversion='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="rfc2629.xslt" ?> <!-- generated by https://github.com/cabo/kramdown-rfc2629 version 1.3.23 -->version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE rfc SYSTEM "rfc2629-xhtml.ent"><?rfc strict="yes"?> <?rfc toc="yes"?> <?rfc tocdepth="4"?> <?rfc symrefs="yes"?> <?rfc sortrefs="yes"?> <?rfc compact="yes"?> <?rfc subcompact="no"?><rfc xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" ipr="trust200902" docName="draft-ietf-babel-information-model-14"category="info"number="9046" obsoletes="" updates="" submissionType="IETF" category="info" consensus="true" xml:lang="en" tocInclude="true" tocDepth="4" symRefs="true" sortRefs="true" version="3"> <!-- xml2rfc v2v3 conversion 3.5.0 --> <front> <title>Babel Information Model</title> <seriesInfoname="Internet-Draft" value="draft-ietf-babel-information-model-14"/>name="RFC" value="9046"/> <authorinitials="B.H."initials="B." surname="Stark" fullname="Barbara Stark"> <organization>AT&T</organization> <address> <postal> <street/><city>Atlanta, GA</city> <region/><city></city> <region>TX</region> <code/><country>US</country><country>United States of America</country> </postal> <phone/> <email>barbara.stark@att.com</email> </address> </author> <authorinitials="M.J."initials="M." surname="Jethanandani" fullname="Mahesh Jethanandani"><organization>VMware</organization><organization>Kloud Services</organization> <address> <postal> <street/> <city/><region>California</region><region>CA</region> <code/><country>US</country><country>United States of America</country> </postal> <phone/> <email>mjethanandani@gmail.com</email> </address> </author> <dateyear="2021"/>year="2021" month="June" /> <area>Routing</area> <workgroup>Babel routing protocol</workgroup> <keyword>Babel</keyword> <abstract><t>This<t>The BabelInformation Modelinformation model provides structured data elements for a Babel implementation reporting its current state and may allow limited configuration of some such data elements. This information model can be used as a basis for creating data models under various data modeling regimes. This information model only includes parameters and parameter values useful for managing Babel over IPv6.</t> </abstract> </front> <middle> <section anchor="introduction" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Introduction</name> <t>Babel is aloop-avoidingloop-avoiding, distance-vector routing protocol defined in <xref target="RFC8966" format="default"/>. <xref target="RFC8967" format="default"/> defines a security mechanism that allows Babel packets to be cryptographically authenticated, and <xref target="RFC8968" format="default"/> defines a security mechanism that allows Babel packets to be both authenticated and encrypted. This document describes an information model for Babel (including implementations using one or both of these security mechanisms) that can be used to create management protocol data models (such as a NETCONF <xref target="RFC6241" format="default"/> YANG <xref target="RFC7950" format="default"/> data model).</t> <t>Due to the simplicity of the Babel protocol, most of the information model is focused on reporting the Babel protocol operational state, and very little of that is considered mandatory to implement for an implementation claiming compliance with this information model. Some parameters may be configurable. However, it is up to the Babel implementation whether to allow any of these to be configured within its implementation. Where the implementation does not allow configuration of these parameters, itMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> still choose to expose them as read-only.</t> <t>TheInformation Modelinformation model is presented using a hierarchical structure. This does not preclude a data model based on thisInformation Modelinformation model from using a referential or other structure.</t> <t>This information model only includes parameters and parameter values useful for managing Babel over IPv6. This model has no parameters or values specific to operating Babel over IPv4, even though <xref target="RFC8966" format="default"/> does define a multicast group for sending and listening to multicast announcements on IPv4. There is less likelihood of breakage due to inconsistent configuration and increased implementation simplicity if Babel is operated always and only over IPv6. Running Babel over IPv6 requires IPv6 at the link layer and does not need advertised prefixes, routeradvertisementsadvertisements, or DHCPv6 to be present in the network. Link-local IPv6 is widely supported among devices where Babel is expected to be used. Note that Babel over IPv6 can be used for configuration of both IPv4 and IPv6 routes.</t> <section anchor="requirements-language" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Requirements Language</name><t>The<t> The key words"MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY","<bcp14>MUST</bcp14>", "<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>REQUIRED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHALL</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHALL NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHOULD</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHOULD NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>RECOMMENDED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>NOT RECOMMENDED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>MAY</bcp14>", and"OPTIONAL""<bcp14>OPTIONAL</bcp14>" in this document are to be interpreted as described inBCP014BCP 14 <xreftarget="RFC2119" format="default"/>target="RFC2119"/> <xreftarget="RFC8174" format="default"/>target="RFC8174"/> when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shownhere.</t>here. </t> </section> <section anchor="notation" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Notation</name> <t>This document uses aprogramming language-likeprogramming-language-like notation to define the properties of the objects of the information model. An optional property is enclosed by square brackets, [ ], and a list property is indicated by two numbers in angle brackets, <m..n>, where m indicates the minimal number of list elements, and n indicates the maximum number of list elements. The symbol*"*" for n means there are no defined limits on the number of list elements. Each parameter and object includes an indication of "ro" or "rw". "ro" means the parameter or object is read-only. "rw" means it is read-write. For an object, read-write means instances of the object can be created or deleted. If an implementation is allowed to choose to implement a "rw" parameter as read-only, this is noted in the parameter description.</t> <t>The object definitions use base types that are defined as follows:</t> <dlindent="12">indent="14"> <dt>binarybinary: </dt> <dd> <t>A binary string (sequence of octets).</t> </dd> <dt>booleanboolean: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing a Boolean (true or false) value.</t> </dd> <dt>datetimedatetime: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing a date and time using the Gregorian calendar. The datetime formatMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> conform toRFC 3339<xref target="RFC3339"format="default"/> Section 5.6.</t>sectionFormat="comma" section="5.6"/>.</t> </dd> <dt>ip-addressip-address: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing an IP address. This type supports both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.</t> </dd> <dt>operationoperation: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing a remote procedure call or other action that can be used to manipulate data elements or system behaviors.</t> </dd> <dt>referencereference: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing a reference to another information or data model element or to some other device resource.</t> </dd> <dt>stringstring: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing a human-readable string consisting of a (possibly restricted) subset of Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 <xref target="ISO.10646" format="default"/> characters.</t> </dd> <dt>uintuint: </dt> <dd> <t>A type representing an unsigned integer number. This information model does not define a precision.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> </section> <section anchor="overview" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Overview</name> <t>TheInformation Modelinformation model is hierarchically structured as follows:</t><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ +-- babel-information +-- babel-implementation-version +-- babel-enable +-- router-id +-- self-seqno +-- babel-metric-comp-algorithms +-- babel-security-supported +-- babel-mac-algorithms +-- babel-dtls-cert-types +-- babel-stats-enable +-- babel-stats-reset +-- babel-constants | +-- babel-udp-port | +-- babel-mcast-group +-- babel-interfaces | +-- babel-interface-reference | +-- babel-interface-enable | +-- babel-interface-metric-algorithm | +-- babel-interface-split-horizon | +-- babel-mcast-hello-seqno | +-- babel-mcast-hello-interval | +-- babel-update-interval | +-- babel-mac-enable | +-- babel-if-mac-key-sets | +-- babel-mac-verify | +-- babel-dtls-enable | +-- babel-if-dtls-cert-sets | +-- babel-dtls-cached-info | +-- babel-dtls-cert-prefer | +-- babel-packet-log-enable | +-- babel-packet-log | +-- babel-if-stats | | +-- babel-sent-mcast-hello | | +-- babel-sent-mcast-update | | +-- babel-sent-ucast-hello | | +-- babel-sent-ucast-update | | +-- babel-sent-IHU | | +-- babel-received-packets | +-- babel-neighbors | +-- babel-neighbor-address | +-- babel-hello-mcast-history | +-- babel-hello-ucast-history | +-- babel-txcost | +-- babel-exp-mcast-hello-seqno | +-- babel-exp-ucast-hello-seqno | +-- babel-ucast-hello-seqno | +-- babel-ucast-hello-interval | +-- babel-rxcost | +-- babel-cost +-- babel-routes | +-- babel-route-prefix | +-- babel-route-prefix-length | +-- babel-route-router-id | +-- babel-route-neighbor | +-- babel-route-received-metric | +-- babel-route-calculated-metric | +-- babel-route-seqno | +-- babel-route-next-hop | +-- babel-route-feasible | +-- babel-route-selected +-- babel-mac-key-sets | +-- babel-mac-default-apply | +-- babel-mac-keys | +-- babel-mac-key-name | +-- babel-mac-key-use-send | +-- babel-mac-key-use-verify | +-- babel-mac-key-value | +-- babel-mac-key-algorithm | +-- babel-mac-key-test +-- babel-dtls-cert-sets +-- babel-dtls-default-apply +-- babel-dtls-certs +-- babel-cert-name +-- babel-cert-value +-- babel-cert-type +-- babel-cert-private-key]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <t>Most parameters are read-only.FollowingThe following is a descriptive list of the parameters that are not required to be read-only:</t> <ul spacing="normal"> <li>enable/disable Babel</li> <li>create/delete BabelMACMessage Authentication Code (MAC) Key sets</li> <li>create/delete Babel Certificate sets</li> <li>enable/disable statistics collection</li> <li>Constant: UDP port</li> <li>Constant: IPv6 multicast group</li> <li>Interface: enable/disable Babel on this interface</li> <li>Interface:Metricmetric algorithm</li> <li>Interface:Splitsplit horizon</li> <li>Interface: sets of MAC keys</li> <li>Interface: verify received MAC packets</li> <li>Interface: set of certificates for use with DTLS</li> <li>Interface: use cached info extensions</li> <li>Interface: preferred order of certificate types</li> <li>Interface: enable/disable packet log</li> <li>MAC-keys: create/delete entries</li> <li>MAC-keys: key used for sent packets</li> <li>MAC-keys: key used to verify packets</li> <li>DTLS-certs: create/delete entries</li> </ul> <t>The following parameters are required to return no value when read:</t> <ul spacing="normal"> <li>MAC key values</li> <li>DTLS private keys</li> </ul> <t>Note that this overview is intended simply to be informative and is not normative. If there is any discrepancy between this overview and the detailed information model definitions in subsequent sections, the error is in this overview.</t> </section> <section anchor="the-information-model" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>The Information Model</name> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-information-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-information-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { string ro babel-implementation-version; boolean rw babel-enable; binary ro babel-self-router-id; [uint ro babel-self-seqno;] string ro babel-metric-comp-algorithms<1..*>; string ro babel-security-supported<0..*>; [string ro babel-mac-algorithms<1..*>;] [string ro babel-dtls-cert-types<1..*>;] [boolean rw babel-stats-enable;] [operation babel-stats-reset;] babel-constants-obj ro babel-constants; babel-interface-obj ro babel-interfaces<0..*>; babel-route-obj ro babel-routes<0..*>; [babel-mac-key-set-obj rw babel-mac-key-sets<0..*>;] [babel-dtls-cert-set-obj rw babel-dtls-cert-sets<0..*>;] } babel-information-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-implementation-version: </dt> <dd> <t>The name and version of this implementation of the Babel protocol.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-enable: </dt> <dd> <t>When written, it configures whether the protocol should be enabled (true) or disabled (false). A read from the running or intended datastore indicates the configured administrative value of whether the protocol is enabled (true) or not (false). A read from the operational datastore indicates whether the protocol is actually running (true) or not (i.e., it indicates the operational state of the protocol). A data model that does not replicate parameters for running and operational datastores can implement this as two separate parameters. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-self-router-id: </dt> <dd> <t>The router-id used by this instance of the Babel protocol to identify itself. <xref target="RFC8966" format="default"/> describes this as an arbitrary string of 8 octets.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-self-seqno: </dt> <dd> <t>The current sequence number included in route updates for routes originated by this node. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-metric-comp-algorithms: </dt> <dd> <t>List of supported cost computation algorithms. Possible values include "2-out-of-3",and "ETX". "2-out-of-3" isas described in <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section A.2.1. "ETX" issectionFormat="comma" section="A.2.1"/>, and "ETX", as described in <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section A.2.2.</t>sectionFormat="comma" section="A.2.2"/>. </t> </dd> <dt> babel-security-supported: </dt> <dd> <t>List of supported security mechanisms. Possible values include "MAC" to indicate support of <xref target="RFC8967" format="default"/> and "DTLS" to indicate support of <xref target="RFC8968" format="default"/>.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-algorithms: </dt> <dd> <t>List of supported MAC computation algorithms. Possible values include"HMAC-SHA256","HMAC-SHA256" and "BLAKE2s-128" to indicate support for algorithms indicated in <xref target="RFC8967" format="default"/>.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-dtls-cert-types: </dt> <dd> <t>List of supported certificate types. Possible values include "X.509" and "RawPublicKey" to indicate support for types indicated in <xref target="RFC8968" format="default"/>.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-stats-enable: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether statistics collection is enabled (true) or disabled (false) on all interfaces. When enabled, existing statistics values are not cleared and will be incremented as new packets are counted.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-stats-reset: </dt> <dd> <t>An operation that resets all babel-if-stats parameters to zero. This operation has no input or output parameters.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-constants: </dt> <dd> <t>A babel-constants-obj object.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-interfaces: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-interface-obj objects.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-routes: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-route-obj objects. Contains the routes known to this node.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-key-sets: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-mac-key-set-obj objects. If this object is implemented, it provides access to parameters related to the MAC security mechanism. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this object as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-dtls-cert-sets: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-dtls-cert-set-obj objects. If this object is implemented, it provides access to parameters related to the DTLS security mechanism. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this object as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-constants-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-constants-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { uint rw babel-udp-port; [ip-address rw babel-mcast-group;] } babel-constants-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-udp-port: </dt> <dd> <t>UDP port for sending and listening for Babel packets. Default is 6696. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro"). This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mcast-group: </dt> <dd> <t>Multicast group for sending and listening to multicast announcements on IPv6. Default is ff02::1:6. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-interface-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-interface-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { reference ro babel-interface-reference; [boolean rw babel-interface-enable;] string rw babel-interface-metric-algorithm; [boolean rw babel-interface-split-horizon;] [uint ro babel-mcast-hello-seqno;] [uint ro babel-mcast-hello-interval;] [uint ro babel-update-interval;] [boolean rw babel-mac-enable;] [reference rw babel-if-mac-key-sets<0..*>;] [boolean rw babel-mac-verify;] [boolean rw babel-dtls-enable;] [reference rw babel-if-dtls-cert-sets<0..*>;] [boolean rw babel-dtls-cached-info;] [string rw babel-dtls-cert-prefer<0..*>;] [boolean rw babel-packet-log-enable;] [reference ro babel-packet-log;] [babel-if-stats-obj ro babel-if-stats;] babel-neighbor-obj ro babel-neighbors<0..*>; } babel-interface-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-interface-reference: </dt> <dd> <t>Reference to an interface object that can be used to send and receive IPv6 packets, as defined by the data model (e.g., YANG <xref target="RFC7950"format="default"/>, BBFformat="default"/> and Broadband Forum (BBF) <xref target="TR-181" format="default"/>). Referencing syntax will be specific to the data model. If there is no set of interface objects available, this should be a string that indicates the interface name used by the underlying operating system.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-interface-enable: </dt> <dd> <t>When written, it configures whether the protocol should be enabled (true) or disabled (false) on this interface. A read from the running or intended datastore indicates the configured administrative value of whether the protocol is enabled (true) or not (false). A read from the operational datastore indicates whether the protocol is actually running (true) or not (i.e., it indicates the operational state of the protocol). A data model that does not replicate parameters for running and operational datastores can implement this as two separate parameters. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-interface-metric-algorithm: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates the metric computation algorithm used on this interface. The valueMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be one of those listed in thebabel-information-objbabel-metric-comp-algorithms parameter. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-interface-split-horizon: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether or not thesplit horizonsplit-horizon optimization is used when calculating metrics on this interface. A value oftrue"true" indicatessplit horizonsplit-horizon optimization is used.Split horizonSplit-horizon optimization is described in <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section 3.7.4.sectionFormat="comma" section="3.7.4"/>. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mcast-hello-seqno: </dt> <dd> <t>The current sequence number in use for multicast Hellos sent on this interface. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mcast-hello-interval: </dt> <dd> <t>The current interval in use for multicast Hellos sent on this interface. Units are centiseconds. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-update-interval: </dt> <dd> <t>The current interval in use for all updates (multicast and unicast) sent on this interface. Units are centiseconds. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-enable: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether the MAC security mechanism is enabled (true) or disabled (false). An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt>babel-if-mac-keys-sets:babel-if-mac-key-sets: </dt> <dd> <t>List of references to thebabel-macbabel-mac-key-sets entries that apply to this interface. When an interface instance is created, all babel-mac-key-sets instances with babel-mac-default-apply "true" will be included in this list. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt>babel-mac-verify </dt>babel-mac-verify:</dt> <dd> <t>A Boolean flag indicating whether MACs in incoming Babel packets are required to be present and are verified. If this parameter is "true", incoming packets are required to have a valid MAC. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-dtls-enable: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether the DTLS security mechanism is enabled (true) or disabled (false). An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-if-dtls-cert-sets: </dt> <dd> <t>List of references to the babel-dtls-cert-sets entries that apply to this interface. When an interface instance is created, all babel-dtls-cert-sets instances with babel-dtls-default-apply "true" will be included in this list. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-dtls-cached-info: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether the cached_info extension (see <xref target="RFC8968"format="default"/> Appendix A)sectionFormat="comma" section="A"/>) is included in ClientHello and ServerHello packets. The extension is included if the value is "true". An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-dtls-cert-prefer: </dt> <dd> <t>List of supported certificate types, in order of preference. The valuesMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be among those listed in the babel-dtls-cert-types parameter. This list is used to populate the server_certificate_type extension (see <xref target="RFC8968"format="default"/> Appendix A)sectionFormat="comma" section="A"/>) in aClient Hello.ClientHello. Values that are present in at least one instance in the babel-dtls-certs object of a referenced babel-dtls instance and that have a non-empty babel-cert-private-key will be used to populate the client_certificate_type extension in aClient Hello.</t>ClientHello.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-packet-log-enable: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether packet logging is enabled (true) or disabled (false) on this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-packet-log: </dt> <dd> <t>A reference orurlURL link to a file that contains a timestamped log of packets received and sent on babel-udp-port on this interface. The <xref target="libpcap" format="default"/> file format with a .pcap file extensionSHOULD<bcp14>SHOULD</bcp14> be supported for packet log files. Logging isenabled / disabledenabled/disabled by babel-packet-log-enable. Implementations will need to carefully manage and limit memory used by packet logs.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-if-stats: </dt> <dd> <t>Statistics collection object for this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-neighbors: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-neighbor-obj objects.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-if-stats-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-if-stats-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { uint ro babel-sent-mcast-hello; uint ro babel-sent-mcast-update; uint ro babel-sent-ucast-hello; uint ro babel-sent-ucast-update; uint ro babel-sent-IHU; uint ro babel-received-packets; } babel-if-stats-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-sent-mcast-hello: </dt> <dd> <t>A count of the number of multicast Hello packets sent on this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-sent-mcast-update: </dt> <dd> <t>A count of the number of multicast update packets sent on this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-sent-ucast-hello: </dt> <dd> <t>A count of the number of unicast Hello packets sent on this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-sent-ucast-update: </dt> <dd> <t>A count of the number of unicast update packets sent on this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-sent-IHU: </dt> <dd> <t>A count of the number ofIHU"I Heard You" (IHU) packets sent on this interface.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-received-packets: </dt> <dd> <t>A count of the number of Babel packets received on this interface.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-neighbor-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-neighbor-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { ip-address ro babel-neighbor-address; [binary ro babel-hello-mcast-history;] [binary ro babel-hello-ucast-history;] uint ro babel-txcost; uint ro babel-exp-mcast-hello-seqno; uint ro babel-exp-ucast-hello-seqno; [uint ro babel-ucast-hello-seqno;] [uint ro babel-ucast-hello-interval;] [uint ro babel-rxcost;] [uint ro babel-cost;] } babel-neighbor-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-neighbor-address: </dt> <dd> <t>IPv4 or IPv6 address the neighbor sends packets from.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-hello-mcast-history: </dt> <dd> <t>The multicast Hello history of whether or not the multicast Hello packets prior to babel-exp-mcast-hello-seqno were received. A binary sequence where the most recently received Hello is expressed as a "1" placed in theleft-mostleftmost bit, with prior bits shifted right (and "0" bits placed between prior Hello bits and most recent Hello for any not-received Hellos). This value should be displayed using hex digits ([0-9a-fA-F]). See <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section A.1.</t>sectionFormat="comma" section="A.1"/>.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-hello-ucast-history: </dt> <dd> <t>The unicast Hello history of whether or not the unicast Hello packets prior to babel-exp-ucast-hello-seqno were received. A binary sequence where the most recently received Hello is expressed as a "1" placed in theleft-mostleftmost bit, with prior bits shifted right (and "0" bits placed between prior Hello bits and the most recent Hello for any not-received Hellos). This value should be displayed using hex digits ([0-9a-fA-F]). See <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section A.1.</t>sectionFormat="comma" section="A.1"/>.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-txcost: </dt> <dd> <t>Transmission cost value from the last IHU packet received from this neighbor, or the maximum value to indicate the IHU hold timer for this neighbor has expired. See <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section 3.4.2.sectionFormat="comma" section="3.4.2"/>. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-exp-mcast-hello-seqno: </dt> <dd> <t>Expected multicast Hello sequence number of next Hello to be received from this neighbor. If multicast Hello packets are notexpected,expected or processing of multicast packets is not enabled, thisMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be NULL. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer; if the data model uses zero (0) to represent NULL values for unsigned integers, the data modelMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> use a different data type that allows differentiation between zero (0) and NULL.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-exp-ucast-hello-seqno: </dt> <dd> <t>Expected unicast Hello sequence number of next Hello to be received from this neighbor. If unicast Hello packets are notexpected,expected or processing of unicast packets is not enabled, thisMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be NULL. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer; if the data model uses zero (0) to represent NULL values for unsigned integers, the data modelMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> use a different data type that allows differentiation between zero (0) and NULL.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-ucast-hello-seqno: </dt> <dd> <t>The current sequence number in use for unicast Hellos sent to this neighbor. If unicast Hellos are not being sent, thisMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be NULL. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer; if the data model uses zero (0) to represent NULL values for unsigned integers, the data modelMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> use a different data type that allows differentiation between zero (0) and NULL.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-ucast-hello-interval: </dt> <dd> <t>The current interval in use for unicast Hellos sent to this neighbor. Units are centiseconds. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-rxcost: </dt> <dd> <t>Reception cost calculated for this neighbor. This value is usually derived from the Hello history, which may be combined with other data, such as statistics maintained by the link layer. The rxcost is sent to a neighbor in each IHU. See <xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>, section 3.4.3.sectionFormat="comma" section="3.4.3"/>. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-cost: </dt> <dd> <t>The link cost, as computed from the values maintained in the neighbor table: the statistics kept in the neighbor table about the reception ofHellos,Hellos and the txcost computed from received IHU packets. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-route-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-route-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { ip-address ro babel-route-prefix; uint ro babel-route-prefix-length; binary ro babel-route-router-id; reference ro babel-route-neighbor; uint ro babel-route-received-metric; uint ro babel-route-calculated-metric; uint ro babel-route-seqno; ip-address ro babel-route-next-hop; boolean ro babel-route-feasible; boolean ro babel-route-selected; } babel-route-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-route-prefix: </dt> <dd> <t>Prefix (expressed in IP address format) for which this route is advertised.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-prefix-length: </dt> <dd> <t>Length of the prefix for which this route is advertised.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-router-id: </dt> <dd> <t>The router-id of the router that originated this route.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-neighbor: </dt> <dd> <t>Reference to the babel-neighbors entry for the neighbor that advertised this route.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-received-metric: </dt> <dd> <t>The metric with which this route was advertised by the neighbor, or the maximum value to indicate the route was recently retracted and is temporarily unreachable (seeSection 3.5.5 of<xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>).sectionFormat="of" section="3.5.4"/>). This metric will be NULL if the route was not received from a neighbor but was generated through other means. At least one ofbabel-route-calculated-metric and babel-route-received-metric MUSTthe following <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> benon-NULL.non-NULL: babel-route-calculated-metric or babel-route-received-metric. Having both be non-NULL is expected for a route that is received and subsequently advertised. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer; if the data model uses zero (0) to represent NULL values for unsigned integers, the data modelMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> use a different data type that allows differentiation between zero (0) and NULL.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-calculated-metric: </dt> <dd> <t>A calculated metric for this route. How the metric is calculated isimplementation-specific. Maximumimplementation specific. The maximum value indicates the route was recently retracted and is temporarily unreachable (seeSection 3.5.5 of<xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>).sectionFormat="of" section="3.5.4"/>). At least one ofbabel-route-calculated-metric and babel-route-received-metric MUSTthe following <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> benon-NULL.non-NULL: babel-route-calculated-metric or babel-route-received-metric. Having both be non-NULL is expected for a route that is received and subsequently advertised. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer; if the data model uses zero (0) to represent NULL values for unsigned integers, the data modelMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> use a different data type that allows differentiation between zero (0) and NULL.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-seqno: </dt> <dd> <t>The sequence number with which this route was advertised. This is a 16-bit unsigned integer.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-next-hop: </dt> <dd> <t>The next-hop address of this route. This will be empty if this route has no next-hop address.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-feasible: </dt> <dd> <t>A Boolean flag indicating whether this route is feasible, as defined inSection 3.5.1 of<xref target="RFC8966"format="default"/>).</t>sectionFormat="of" section="3.5.1"/>).</t> </dd> <dt> babel-route-selected: </dt> <dd> <t>A Boolean flag indicating whether this route is selected (i.e., whether it is currently being used for forwarding and is being advertised).</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-mac-key-set-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-mac-key-set-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { boolean rw babel-mac-default-apply; babel-mac-key-obj rw babel-mac-keys<0..*>; } babel-mac-key-set-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-mac-default-apply: </dt> <dd> <t>A Boolean flag indicating whether this object instance is applied to all newbabel-interface instances,babel-interfaces instances by default. If "true", this instance is applied to new babel-interfaces instances at the time they arecreated,created by including it in the babel-if-mac-key-sets list. If "false", this instance is not applied to new babel-interfaces instances when they are created. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-keys: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-mac-key-obj objects.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-mac-key-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-mac-key-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { string rw babel-mac-key-name; boolean rw babel-mac-key-use-send; boolean rw babel-mac-key-use-verify; binary -- babel-mac-key-value; string rw babel-mac-key-algorithm; [operation babel-mac-key-test;] } babel-mac-key-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-mac-key-name: </dt> <dd> <t>A unique name for this MAC key that can be used to identify the key in this objectinstance,instance since the key value is not allowed to be read. This valueMUST NOT<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> be empty and can only be provided when this instance is created (i.e., it is not subsequently writable). The valueMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be auto-generated if not explicitly supplied when the instance is created.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-key-use-send: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether this key value is used to compute a MAC and include that MAC in the sent Babel packet. A MAC for sent packets is computed using this key if the value is "true". If the value is "false", this key is not used to compute a MAC to include in sent Babel packets. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-key-use-verify: </dt> <dd> <t>Indicates whether this key value is used to verify incoming Babel packets. This key is used to verify incoming packets if the value is "true". If the value is "false", no MAC is computed from this key forcomparingcomparison with the MAC in an incoming packet. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-key-value: </dt> <dd> <t>The value of the MAC key. An implementationMUST NOT<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> allow this parameter to be read. This can be done by always providing an empty string when read,orthrough permissions, or by other means. This valueMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be provided when this instance iscreated,created and is not subsequently writable. This value is of a length suitable for the associated babel-mac-key-algorithm. If the algorithm is based on theHMACHashed Message Authentication Code (HMAC) construction <xref target="RFC2104" format="default"/>, the lengthMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be between 0 and an upper limit that is at least the size of the output length (where the "HMAC-SHA256" output length is 32 octets as described in <xref target="RFC4868" format="default"/>). Longer lengthsMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be supported but are not necessary if the management system has the ability to generate a suitably random value (e.g., by randomly generating a value or by using a key derivation technique as recommended in the security considerations in <xref target="RFC8967"format="default"/> Security Considerations).sectionFormat="of" section="7"/>). If the algorithm is "BLAKE2s-128", the lengthMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be between 0 and 32 bytes inclusive as specified by <xref target="RFC7693" format="default"/>.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-key-algorithm </dt> <dd> <t>The name of the MAC algorithm used with this key. The valueMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be the same as one of the enumerations listed in the babel-mac-algorithms parameter. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-mac-key-test: </dt> <dd> <t>An operation that allows the MAC key and MAC algorithm to be tested to see if they produce an expected outcome. Input to this operationareis a binary string and a calculated MAC (also in the format of a binary string) for the binary string. The implementation is expected to create a MAC over the binary string using the babel-mac-key-value and the babel-mac-key-algorithm. The output of this operation is a Boolean indication that the calculated MAC matched the input MAC (true) or the MACs did not match (false).</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-dtls-cert-set-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-dtls-cert-set-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { boolean rw babel-dtls-default-apply; babel-dtls-cert-obj rw babel-dtls-certs<0..*>; } babel-dtls-cert-set-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-dtls-default-apply: </dt> <dd> <t>A Boolean flag indicating whether this object instance is applied to all newbabel-interface instances,babel-interfaces instances by default. If "true", this instance is applied to new babel-interfaces instances at the time they arecreated,created by including it in the babel-interface-dtls-certs list. If "false", this instance is not applied to new babel-interfaces instances when they are created. An implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose this parameter as read-only ("ro").</t> </dd> <dt> babel-dtls-certs: </dt> <dd> <t>A set of babel-dtls-cert-obj objects. This contains both certificates for this implementation to present forauthentication,authentication and those to accept from others. Certificates with a non-empty babel-cert-private-key can be presented by this implementation for authentication.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> <section anchor="definition-of-babel-dtls-cert-obj" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Definition of babel-dtls-cert-obj</name><artwork align="left"<sourcecode name=""type="" alt=""><![CDATA[type=""><![CDATA[ object { string rw babel-cert-name; string rw babel-cert-value; string rw babel-cert-type; binary -- babel-cert-private-key; } babel-dtls-cert-obj;]]></artwork>]]></sourcecode> <dl> <dt> babel-cert-name: </dt> <dd> <t>A unique name for this certificate that can be used to identify the certificate in this objectinstance,instance since the value is too long to be useful for identification. This valueMUST NOT<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> be empty and can only be provided when this instance is created (i.e., it is not subsequently writable). The valueMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be auto-generated if not explicitly supplied when the instance is created.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-cert-value: </dt> <dd> <t>The certificate inPEMPrivacy-Enhanced Mail (PEM) format <xref target="RFC7468" format="default"/>. This valueMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be provided when this instance iscreated,created and is not subsequently writable.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-cert-type: </dt> <dd> <t>The name of the certificate type of this object instance. The valueMUST<bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be the same as one of the enumerations listed in the babel-dtls-cert-types parameter. This value can only be provided when this instance iscreated,created and is not subsequently writable.</t> </dd> <dt> babel-cert-private-key: </dt> <dd> <t>The value of the private key. If this is non-empty, this certificate can be used by this implementation to provide a certificate during DTLS handshaking. An implementationMUST NOT<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> allow this parameter to be read. This can be done by always providing an empty string when read,orthrough permissions, or by other means. This value can only be provided when this instance iscreated,created and is not subsequently writable.</t> </dd> </dl> </section> </section> <section anchor="extending-the-information-model" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Extending the Information Model</name> <t>ImplementationsMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> extend this information model with other parameters or objects. For example, an implementationMAY<bcp14>MAY</bcp14> choose to expose Babel route filtering rules by adding a route filtering object with parameters appropriate to how route filtering is done in that implementation. The precise means used to extend the information model would be specific to the data model the implementation uses to expose this information.</t> </section> <section anchor="security-considerations" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Security Considerations</name> <t>This document defines a set of information model objects and parameters that may be exposedto beand visible from otherdevices, and somedevices. Some ofwhichthese information model objects and parameters may be configured. Securing access to and ensuring the integrity of this data is in scope of and the responsibility of any data model derived from this information model. Specifically, any YANG <xref target="RFC7950" format="default"/> data model is expected to define security exposure of the various parameters, and a <xref target="TR-181" format="default"/> data model will be secured by the mechanisms defined for the management protocol used to transport it.</t> <t>Misconfiguration (whether unintentional or malicious) can prevent reachability or cause poor network performance (increased latency, jitter, etc.). Misconfiguration of security credentials can cause adenial of servicedenial-of-service condition for the Babel routing protocol. The information in this model discloses network topology, which can be used to mount subsequent attacks on traffic traversing the network.</t> <t>This information model defines objects that can allow credentials (for this device, for trusted devices, and for trusted certificate authorities) to be added and deleted. Public keys may be exposed through this model. This model requires that private keys and MAC keys never be exposed. Certificates used by <xref target="RFC8968" format="default"/> implementations use separate parameters to model the public parts (including the public key) and the private key.</t> <t>MAC keys are allowed to be as short aszero-length.zero length. This is useful for testing.NetworkIt is <bcp14>RECOMMENDED</bcp14> that network operatorsare RECOMMENDED tofollow current best practices for key length and generation of keys related to the MAC algorithm associated with the key. Short (and zero-length) keys are highly susceptible tobrute forcebrute-force attacks and thereforeSHOULD NOT<bcp14>SHOULD NOT</bcp14> be used. See theSecurity Considerations section ofsecurity considerations as described in <xref target="RFC8967"format="default"/>sectionFormat="of" section="7"/> for additional considerations related to MACkeys. The fifth paragraph of <xref target="RFC8967" format="default"/> Security Considerations makeskeys; note that there are some specific key value recommendationsthat should be noted.in the fifth paragraph. It says that if it is necessary to derive keys from a human-readable passphrase, "only the derived keys should be communicated to the routers" and "the original passphrase itself should be kept on the host used to perform the key generation" (which would be the management system in the case of a remote management protocol). It also recommends that keys "should have a length of 32 octets (both for HMAC-SHA256 and BLAKE2s), and be chosen randomly".</t> <t>This information model uses key sets and certification sets to provide a means of grouping keys and certificates. This makes it easy to use a different set per interface, use the same set for one or more interfaces, have a default set in case a new interface isinstantiatedinstantiated, andtochange keys and certificates as needed.</t> </section> <section anchor="iana-considerations" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>IANA Considerations</name> <t>This document has no IANA actions.</t> </section><section anchor="Acknowledgements" numbered="true" toc="default"> <name>Acknowledgements</name> <t>Juliusz Chroboczek, Toke Hoeiland-Joergensen, David Schinazi, Antonin Decimo, Acee Lindem, and Carsten Bormann have been very helpful in refining this information model.</t> <t>The language in the Notation section was mostly taken from <xref target="RFC8193" format="default"/>.</t> </section></middle> <back> <references> <name>References</name> <references> <name>Normative References</name> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.2104.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.2119.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.4868.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.3339.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.7468.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.7693.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8174.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8966.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8967.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8968.xml"/> <referenceanchor="RFC2104" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2104">anchor="ISO.10646"> <front><title>HMAC: Keyed-Hashing<title>Information technology - Universal Coded Character Set (UCS)</title> <author> <organization>International Organization forMessage Authentication</title> <author initials="H." surname="Krawczyk" fullname="H. Krawczyk"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="M." surname="Bellare" fullname="M. Bellare"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="R." surname="Canetti" fullname="R. Canetti"> <organization/> </author> <date year="1997" month="February"/> <abstract> <t>This document describes HMAC, a mechanism for message authentication using cryptographic hash functions. HMAC can be used with any iterative cryptographic hash function, e.g., MD5, SHA-1, in combination with a secret shared key. The cryptographic strength of HMAC depends on the properties of the underlying hash function. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="2104"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC2104"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC2119" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119"> <front> <title>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels</title> <author initials="S." surname="Bradner" fullname="S. Bradner"> <organization/> </author> <date year="1997" month="March"/> <abstract> <t>In many standards track documents several words are used to signify the requirements in the specification. These words are often capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be interpreted in IETF documents. This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="BCP" value="14"/> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="2119"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC2119"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC4868" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4868"> <front> <title>Using HMAC-SHA-256, HMAC-SHA-384, and HMAC-SHA-512 with IPsec</title> <author initials="S." surname="Kelly" fullname="S. Kelly"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="S." surname="Frankel" fullname="S. Frankel"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2007" month="May"/> <abstract> <t>This specification describes the use of Hashed Message Authentication Mode (HMAC) in conjunction with the SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512 algorithms in IPsec. These algorithms may be used as the basis for data origin authentication and integrity verification mechanisms for the Authentication Header (AH), Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), Internet Key Exchange Protocol (IKE), and IKEv2 protocols, and also as Pseudo-Random Functions (PRFs) for IKE and IKEv2. Truncated output lengths are specified for the authentication-related variants, with the corresponding algorithms designated as HMAC-SHA-256-128, HMAC-SHA-384-192, and HMAC-SHA-512-256. The PRF variants are not truncated, and are called PRF-HMAC-SHA-256, PRF-HMAC-SHA-384, and PRF-HMAC-SHA-512. [STANDARDS-TRACK]</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="4868"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC4868"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC3339" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3339"> <front> <title>Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps</title> <author initials="G." surname="Klyne" fullname="G. Klyne"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="C." surname="Newman" fullname="C. Newman"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2002" month="July"/> <abstract> <t>This document defines a date and time format for use in Internet protocols that is a profile of the ISO 8601 standard for representation of dates and times using the Gregorian calendar.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="3339"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC3339"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC7468" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7468"> <front> <title>Textual Encodings of PKIX, PKCS, and CMS Structures</title> <author initials="S." surname="Josefsson" fullname="S. Josefsson"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="S." surname="Leonard" fullname="S. Leonard"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2015" month="April"/> <abstract> <t>This document describes and discusses the textual encodings of the Public-Key Infrastructure X.509 (PKIX), Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS), and Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS). The textual encodings are well-known, are implemented by several applications and libraries, and are widely deployed. This document articulates the de facto rules by which existing implementations operate and defines them so that future implementations can interoperate.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="7468"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC7468"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC7693" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7693"> <front> <title>The BLAKE2 Cryptographic Hash and Message Authentication Code (MAC)</title> <author initials="M-J." surname="Saarinen" fullname="M-J. Saarinen" role="editor"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="J-P." surname="Aumasson" fullname="J-P. Aumasson"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2015" month="November"/> <abstract> <t>This document describes the cryptographic hash function BLAKE2 and makes the algorithm specification and C source code conveniently available to the Internet community. BLAKE2 comes in two main flavors: BLAKE2b is optimized for 64-bit platforms and BLAKE2s for smaller architectures. BLAKE2 can be directly keyed, making it functionally equivalent to a Message Authentication Code (MAC).</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="7693"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC7693"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8174" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174"> <front> <title>Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words</title> <author initials="B." surname="Leiba" fullname="B. Leiba"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2017" month="May"/> <abstract> <t>RFC 2119 specifies common key words that may be used in protocol specifications. This document aims to reduce the ambiguity by clarifying that only UPPERCASE usage of the key words have the defined special meanings.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="BCP" value="14"/> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8174"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8174"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8966" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8966"> <front> <title>The Babel Routing Protocol</title> <author initials="J." surname="Chroboczek" fullname="J. Chroboczek"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="D." surname="Schinazi" fullname="D. Schinazi"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2021" month="January"/> <abstract> <t>Babel is a loop-avoiding, distance-vector routing protocol that is robust and efficient both in ordinary wired networks and in wireless mesh networks. This document describes the Babel routing protocol and obsoletes RFC 6126 and RFC 7557.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8966"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8966"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8967" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8967"> <front> <title>MAC Authentication for the Babel Routing Protocol</title> <author initials="C." surname="Dô" fullname="C. Dô"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="W." surname="Kolodziejak" fullname="W. Kolodziejak"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="J." surname="Chroboczek" fullname="J. Chroboczek"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2021" month="January"/> <abstract> <t>This document describes a cryptographic authentication mechanism for the Babel routing protocol that has provisions for replay avoidance. This document obsoletes RFC 7298.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8967"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8967"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8968" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8968"> <front> <title>Babel Routing Protocol over Datagram Transport Layer Security</title> <author initials="A." surname="Décimo" fullname="A. Décimo"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="D." surname="Schinazi" fullname="D. Schinazi"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="J." surname="Chroboczek" fullname="J. Chroboczek"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2021" month="January"/> <abstract> <t>The Babel Routing Protocol does not contain any means to authenticate neighbours or provide integrity or confidentiality for messages sent between them. This document specifies a mechanism to ensure these properties using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS).</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8968"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8968"/> </reference> <reference anchor="ISO.10646"> <front> <title>Information Technology - Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)</title> <author> <organization>International Organization for Standardization</organization>Standardization</organization> </author> <date year="2014"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="ISO Standard" value="10646:2014"/> </reference> <reference anchor="libpcap"target="https://wiki.wireshark.org/Development/LibpcapFileFormat">target="https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/Development/LibpcapFileFormat"> <front> <title>Libpcap File Format</title> <author><organization>Wireshark</organization><organization>GitLab</organization> </author> <dateyear="2015"/>year="2020" month="November"/> </front> <refcontent>Wireshark Foundation</refcontent> </reference> </references> <references> <name>Informative References</name><reference anchor="RFC6241" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241"> <front> <title>Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)</title> <author initials="R." surname="Enns" fullname="R. Enns" role="editor"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="M." surname="Bjorklund" fullname="M. Bjorklund" role="editor"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="J." surname="Schoenwaelder" fullname="J. Schoenwaelder" role="editor"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="A." surname="Bierman" fullname="A. Bierman" role="editor"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2011" month="June"/> <abstract> <t>The Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) defined in this document provides mechanisms to install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices. It uses an Extensible Markup Language (XML)-based data encoding for the configuration data as well as the protocol messages. The NETCONF protocol operations are realized as remote procedure calls (RPCs). This document obsoletes RFC 4741. [STANDARDS-TRACK]</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="6241"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC6241"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC7950" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950"> <front> <title>The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language</title> <author initials="M." surname="Bjorklund" fullname="M. Bjorklund" role="editor"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2016" month="August"/> <abstract> <t>YANG is a data modeling language used to model configuration data, state data, Remote Procedure Calls, and notifications for network management protocols. This document describes the syntax and semantics of version 1.1 of the YANG language. YANG version 1.1 is a maintenance release of the YANG language, addressing ambiguities and defects in the original specification. There are a small number of backward incompatibilities from YANG version 1. This document also specifies the YANG mappings to the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF).</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="7950"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC7950"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8193" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8193"> <front> <title>Information Model for Large-Scale Measurement Platforms (LMAPs)</title> <author initials="T." surname="Burbridge" fullname="T. Burbridge"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="P." surname="Eardley" fullname="P. Eardley"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="M." surname="Bagnulo" fullname="M. Bagnulo"> <organization/> </author> <author initials="J." surname="Schoenwaelder" fullname="J. Schoenwaelder"> <organization/> </author> <date year="2017" month="August"/> <abstract> <t>This Information Model applies to the Measurement Agent within an LMAP framework. As such, it outlines the information that is configured or preconfigured on the Measurement Agent or exists in communications with a Controller or Collector within an LMAP framework. The purpose of such an Information Model is to provide a protocol- and device-independent view of the Measurement Agent that can be implemented via one or more Control and Report Protocols.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8193"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8193"/> </reference><xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.6241.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.7950.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8193.xml"/> <reference anchor="TR-181" target="http://cwmp-data-models.broadband-forum.org/"> <front> <title>Device Data Model</title> <author> <organization>Broadband Forum</organization> </author><date/><date month="November" year="2020"/> </front> <refcontent>Issue: 2 Amendment 14</refcontent> </reference> </references> </references> <section anchor="Acknowledgements" numbered="false" toc="default"> <name>Acknowledgements</name> <t><contact fullname="Juliusz Chroboczek"/>, <contact fullname="Toke Høiland-Jørgensen"/>, <contact fullname="David Schinazi"/>, <contact fullname="Antonin Décimo"/>, <contact fullname="Roman Danyliw"/>, <contact fullname="Benjamin Kaduk"/>, <contact fullname="Valery Smyslov"/>, <contact fullname="Alvaro Retana"/>, <contact fullname="Donald Eastlake"/>, <contact fullname="Martin Vigoureux"/>, <contact fullname="Acee Lindem"/>, and <contact fullname="Carsten Bormann"/> have been very helpful in refining this information model.</t> <t>The language in the <xref target="notation" format="none">"Notation"</xref> section was mostly taken from <xref target="RFC8193" format="default"/>.</t> </section> </back><!-- ##markdown-source: H4sIACPASmAAA+0923Ibx5Xv8xVddNWa9AKQKMmyRCeppSg5YiJKWlHKpRyX awA0iDEHM8hcRMEK93/2D/KeH9tz69tMDwi6omRTcSrZpTB9OX369Ln36fF4 nNRNWsy/T/Oy0EeqqVqdZOuK/qqbe3fvPr57L5mXsyJdwed5lS6acaabxXia TnU+zopFWa3SJiuL8aqcwy+HD5JZ2hwp/JKss6NEqbqpshn89PlG15/Dv5ty 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