MANET Working Group Sanghyun Ahn Internet Draft University of Seoul Expires: November 4, 2013 Chong-Kwon Kim Seoul National University May 13, 2013 AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering draft-ahn-manet-clustering-aodv-01.txt Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. This document may not be modified, and derivative works of it may not be created, except to format it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other than English. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on November 4, 2013. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 1] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering May 2013 Abstract This document describes an extention on AODV [1] so that clustering of MANET nodes can be allowed for the improvement of MANET scalability. MANET clustering requires some MANET nodes to become Cluster Heads (CHs) and each non-CH MANET nodes to belong to any one appropriate cluster which is represented by a CH node.In this draft, AODV control messages are extended for MANET clustering. Table of Contents 1. Requirements notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. Extensions on AODV Control Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4.1 Cluster Anouncement (CLAN) Message Format . . . . . . . . 4 4.2 Cluster Join (CLJN) Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.3 Cluster Giveup (CLGU) Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. Other Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 2] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering May 2013 1. Requirements notation The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. 2. Introduction In a MANET where a subset of nodes grouping together such as in an office environment with a set of departments, MANET clustering is a good choice for the efficient communication among MANET nodes. For MANET clustering, some nodes are required to act as cluster heads (CHs) and the others as cluster members (non-CH nodes). A CH announces its existence by sending out CH announcement messages and each non-CH node joins to any one cluster after receiving one or more CH announcement messages from its nearby CHs. The detailed MANET clustering architecture is defined in a companion draft [2]. For this MANET clustering architecture to work in the MANET using AODV [1] as its routing protocol, AODV is required to be extended. Therefore, in this draft, we define how to extend AODV for the MANET clustering architecture of [2]. 3. Terminology Cluster Head The representative node of a cluster; the cluster head receives data from its cluster members and forwards the data to the cluster head of the cluster to which the destination belongs, and vice versa. Cluster Member The node belonging to a cluster Cluster Size The maximum number of hops from a cluster head to any one of its cluster members; assumed to be k Cluster Announcement Message The message sent by the cluster head to its k-hop neighbors to indicate its willingness of forwarding data from its cluster members Cluster Join Message The message sent by a node wishing to act as a cluster member to the cluster head upon receiving a Cluster Announcement message Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 3] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering May 2013 Cluster Giveup Message The message sent by a CH wishing to give up its role as a cluster head to its members 4. Extensions on AODV Control Messages For the cluster maintenance, we newly define AODV control messages. 4.1 Cluster Anouncement (CLAN) Message Format If a node wishes to act as a CH, it should send out a Cluster Announcement message to its k-hop neighbors, where k is the cluster size. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type |A|J|G| Reserved | Hop Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Cluster ID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Originator IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Type 5 A Announcement flag (= 1) Cluster ID The cluster identifier; a randomly generated identifier by the CH which originates this CLAN message Hop Count The cluster size; the maximum number of hops from the Originator IP Address to a cluster member Destination IP Address The broadcast address (i.e., 255.255.255.255) Originator IP Address The IP Address of the node which originates this Cluster Announcement message Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 4] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering May 2013 4.2 Cluster Join (CLJN) Message Format Once a node receives a CLAN message, it replies back to the corresponding CH (i.e., the originator of the CLAN message) with a Cluster Join message, if it wishes to join the cluster announced by the CLAN message. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type |A|J|G| Reserved | Hop Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Cluster ID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Originator IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Type 5 J Join flag (= 1) Cluster ID The cluster identifier; This is copied from the Cluster ID field of the received corresponding CLAN message Hop Count The number of hops from the Destination IP Address to the Originator IP Address; This is set to the Hop Count value of the received CLAN message minus one Destination IP Address The IP Address of the node which originates this Cluster Join message Originator IP Address The IP Address of the node which originated the corresponding Cluster Announcement message If a node receives a CLAN message, it decreases the Hop Count value of the CLAN message by one and, if the modified Hop Count value is greater than 1, it forwards it to its 1-hop neighbors. Otherwise, it does not forward any more. And if it wants to join the cluster, it sends out a CLJN message back to the originator node of the CLAN message. Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 5] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering May 2013 4.3 Cluster Giveup (CLGU) Message Format If a CH decides to give up being a CH, it sends a CLGU message to its k-hop neighbors. Only the cluster members leave the cluster specified in the CLGU message which can be identified by the Cluster ID and the Originator IP Address field values. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type |A|J|G| Reserved | Hop Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Cluster ID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Originator IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Type 5 G Giveup flag (= 1) Cluster ID The cluster identifier; This is copied from the Cluster ID field of the received corresponding CLAN message Hop Count The cluster size; the maximum number of hops from the Originator IP Address to a cluster member Destination IP Address The broadcast address (i.e., 255.255.255.255) Originator IP Address The IP Address of the node which originates this Cluster Giveup message Even though the Destination IP Address is set to the broadcast address, only the cluster members leave the cluster and reselect other clusters to join. 5. Operation TBD. Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 6] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering May 2013 6. Other Considerations TBD. References [1] C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer and S. Das, "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing," RFC 3561, July 2003. [2] S. Ahn and H. Kim, "Architecture for MANET Clustering," draft-ahn-manet-clustering-architecture-01.txt, May 2013. Authors' Addresses Sanghyun Ahn University of Seoul 90, Cheonnong-dong, Tongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-743 Korea Email: ahn@uos.ac.kr Chong-kwon Kim Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea Email: ckim@snu.ac.kr Ahn Expires November 4, 2013 [Page 7]